Understanding electrons in solids: strong correlations, disorder, and low dimensions

凝聚态物理是研究可以由原子和分子构成的材料和图案，寻求简单的方法来表达从电子、原子核和电磁力的基本成分中产生的各种物理性质的起源。这个研究计划专注于理解电子性质，这些性质具有巨大的技术重要性，并提出了令人着迷的概念谜题。我们目前描述我们使用的材料，如金属、半导体、绝缘体和超导体的能力，大多源于这样一个事实，即在某些情况下，一种单一类型的能量主导着电子行为。然而，情况并不总是如此，事实上，在相互竞争的相互作用之间实现微妙平衡的系统往往是应用中最重要的，同时也是最具挑战性的。这个研究计划旨在通过三条探索路线来促进我们对固体中电子的理解。第一条专注于高温铜酸盐超导体，完善核磁共振测量的能力，以区分相互竞争的理论。第二条研究无序和电子-电子相互作用之间的竞争。第三条研究准一维有机超导体中的维度交叉。

Condensed matter physics is the study of materials and patterns which can be constructed from atoms and molecules, seeking simple ways to express the origins of the diversity of physical properties which emerge from the essential ingredients of electrons, nuclei, and electromagnetic forces.  This research program focuses on understanding electronic properties, which are of tremendous technological importance and present fascinating conceptual puzzles.  Much of our current ability to describe the materials we use, such as metals, semiconductors, insulators and superconductors, arises from the fact that in some cases a single type of energy dominates the electronic behavior.  However, this is not always the case, and in fact systems in which a delicate balance is achieved between competing interactions are often the most important for applications while also being the most challenging to understand.  This research program aims to advance our understanding of electrons in solids in three lines of exploration.  The first focuses on high-temperature cuprate superconductors, refining the capacity of nuclear magnetic resonance measurements to distinguish between competing theories.  The second examines the competition between disorder and electron-electron interactions.  And the third studies the dimensional crossover in quasi-one-dimensional organic superconductors.