Changes in motor control and kinaesthetic sensations after eccentric exercise.

众所周知，经过一段时间的剧烈运动后，我们的脚会不稳，在试图做出精确的动作时也会显得笨拙。这种印象在偏心运动后尤其明显，在此期间收缩肌肉被强行拉长。下坡散步、滑雪和骑马等活动都涉及到古怪的运动。这种运动的衰弱后果不仅归因于运动后疲劳的影响，还归因于纤维损伤导致的肌肉力量损失。偏心运动也会产生长期影响。受损组织的破裂导致第二天感觉僵硬和酸痛。本应用程序提出了旨在研究偏心运动对运动控制的一系列影响的实验，并建立了它们发生的肌肉，脊柱和大脑水平。计划进行三项研究。首先，我们将探讨的问题是，在运动后，我们是否更不能使用大脑的运动区域来执行自愿收缩。所以疲劳不仅仅是肌肉疲劳的问题，也可能是大脑疲劳的问题。我们将使用脑和脊髓刺激来探讨这一点。然后我们计划听单个运动单元，肌肉控制的基本元素，试图理解大脑将疲劳的衰弱效应最小化的机制。最后，我们想检查受试者在空间中定位肢体的能力，以此为我们在剧烈运动后所经历的笨拙提供依据。这些都是与临床医学和康复以及运动科学和运动相关的重要问题。

It is a well-known observation that after a period of intense exercise we are unsteady on our feet and are clumsy when attempting to make precision movements. Such impressions are particularly marked after eccentric exercise, during which the contracting muscles are forcibly lengthened. Activities such as walking downhill, skiing and horse riding involve eccentric exercise. The debilitating consequences of this kind of exercise are attributed, not just to the post-exercise effects of fatigue, but to loss of muscle force from damage to fibres. Eccentric exercise also leads to longer term effects. The breakdown of the damaged tissue leads to sensations of stiffness and soreness the next day. This application proposes experiments aimed at studying a number of effects of eccentric exercise on motor control, and establishing the muscle, spinal and brain levels at which they occur. Three studies are planned. In the first, the question will be explored whether we are less able to use the motor areas of our brains to execute voluntary contractions after exercise. So fatigue is not just a matter of exhausted muscles but perhaps also exhausted brains. We will use brain and spinal cord stimulation to explore this point. Then we plan to listen to single motor units, the basic elements of muscle control, to try to understand the mechanism by which the brain minimises the debilitating effects of fatigue. Finally we want to examine subjects' ability to locate their limbs in space as a means of providing a basis for the clumsiness we experience after intense exercise. These are all important issues relevant to clinical medicine and rehabilitation as well as sports science and exercise.