Effects of disturbance on prairie birds

研究了生境分布和干扰对草原鸟类群落的影响。在过去的四十年里，草原栖息地的丧失是导致草原鸟类数量急剧下降的因素之一。学习如何管理草原和相关的农业将有助于我们保护和恢复草原，使草原鸟类受益。同时，这项研究将有助于我们了解放牧等干扰如何直接和间接地影响草原鸟类。因为在干旱的草原上牛的密度很低，放牧很少直接破坏巢穴。尽管如此，在有牛的情况下，筑巢成功率有时会降低。我将确定这是否是由于放牧对植被或鸟类的无脊椎猎物的间接影响。通过评估大范围放牧强度的生态效应，这项研究将帮助我们管理草原上的放牧，使牧场主和野生动物都受益。许多草原因人类活动而高度破碎。鸟类可能会根据许多不同的原因选择栖息在哪个草原残留物。例如，它们到达草原的能力，草原内的捕食压力，以及无脊椎动物的猎物丰度，都可能因草原而异。所有这些因素都可能受到草原大小、形状和周围环境的影响。初步调查表明，在小草原上很少发现草原鸣鸟，但原因尚不清楚。我将确定草原的大小和周围的农业用地对鸟类、它们的捕食者和猎物利用草原的影响程度。

I study the effects of habitat distribution and disturbance on communities of prairie birds.  Loss of prairie habitats is one of the factors that has resulted in dramatic declines of grassland bird populations over the last four decades.  Learning how to manage prairies and associated agriculture will help us conserve and restore prairies to benefit prairie birds.  At the same time, this research will contribute to our knowledge of how disturbances such as grazing influence prairie birds directly and indirectly.Because cattle densities are quite low in arid prairies, grazing rarely directly destroys nests. Nonetheless, nesting success is sometimes lower in the presence of cattle. I will determine whether this is because of indirect effects of grazing on vegetation or invertebrate prey of birds. By evaluating the ecological effects of a wide range of grazing intensities, this research will help us manage grazing in prairies to benefit both ranchers and wildlife.Many prairies are highly fragmented by human activities. Birds may select which prairie remnants to inhabit based on a number of different reasons. For example, their ability to get to prairies, predation pressure within those prairies, and invertebrate prey abundance, may all vary among prairies. All of these factors may be influenced by prairie size, shape, and surroundings. Preliminary surveys indicate that prairie songbirds are rarely found within small prairies, but the reason for this is unknown. I will determine the extent to which prairie size and surrounding agricultural lands influence prairie use by birds, their predators, and their prey.