Perceptual organization via a haptic glance: haptic perception and haptically guided grasping

目前的建议解决了短暂的初始接触在触觉感知组织中的作用，这是一种人类处理的形式，以前从未被触觉科学家全面解决过。感知组织是人类感知的关键问题的基础：我们如何从最初来自感官受体的不完整或不准确的信息转变为对世界的最准确、明确和明显完整的感知？我们的目标是：i)定量评估实际分组和分割同时接触的关键原则，基于施加力时接触区域在手指下的移动（动力学），以及它们的几何和/或材料接触特性，ii)评估它们对触觉感知和触觉引导抓取的影响。为了初步评估感知组织对触觉感知和触觉引导抓取的影响，参与者将使用2到10个手指进行一系列简短的接触或“扫视”，以探索桌面场景中不熟悉的3d物体，这些物体在动力学、几何和/或材料属性上都有所不同。在这些简单但生态自然的实验中，需要相关的感知和把握反应。在以后的专家，我们将允许更多有限的，但小心控制的初始接触2指定制设计的触摸显示器。在感知专家中，参与者会估计感知到1个物体的概率，而不是2个。在抓取专家中，他们将间接地通过选择拇指的位置来形成一个稳定的抓取，随后与食指和中指进行短暂的接触。这一结果将对触觉感知和触觉引导抓取提出重要的问题，并补充目前视觉和听觉科学家对感知组织的研究。它们也将有助于定量评估中风患者触觉知觉组织受损的程度。最后，他们将改进以下设计：i)用于触摸传感和触觉引导抓取的遥控机器人系统，ii)盲人用户的有形图形（例如地图，图形），以及iii)盲人和视力用户的虚拟触摸环境。

The current proposal addresses the role of brief initial contact in perceptual organization by touch, a form of human processing never comprehensively addressed by touch scientists before. Perceptual organization is fundamental to the key question for human perception: How do we move from initial incomplete or inaccurate information derived from our sensory receptors to percepts of the world that are most often accurate, unambiguous and apparently complete? Our objectives are: i) to quantitatively assess key principles for tactually grouping and segmenting simultaneous contacts based on how the areas contacted move under the fingers when force is applied (kinetics), as well as on their geometric and/or material contact properties, and ii) to assess their consequences for tactual perception and tactually guided grasping. To initially assess the influence of perceptual organization on tactual perception and tactually guided grasping, participants will perform a series of brief contacts or "glances" using from 2 to 10 fingers to explore tabletop scenes of unfamiliar 3-D objects that vary in their kinetic, geometric, and/or material properties. Relevant perceptual and grasp responses will be required in these simple but ecologically natural experiments. In later expts, we will permit more limited but carefully controlled initial contact with 2-finger custom-designed touch displays. In Perception expts, participants will estimate the probability of perceiving 1 object, as opposed to 2. In the Grasp expts, they will do so indirectly by selecting where to position their thumb to form a stable grasp following earlier brief contact with index and middle fingers. The results will raise important questions about tactual perception and tactually guided grasping, and complement current research on perceptual organization by vision and audition scientists. They will also contribute to the quantitative assessment of extent of impaired tactual perceptual organization in stroke patients. Finally, they will improve the design of: i) telerobotic systems for touch sensing and tactually-guided grasping, ii) tangible graphics (e.g., maps, graphs) for blind users, and iii) virtual touch environments for blind and sighted users.