Precommercialization of enviropig(TM) biotechnology Pt2

加拿大的养猪业是一个价值数十亿美元的行业，养猪场大约有1400万头猪。它们生长发育的三种主要营养物质是碳水化合物、蛋白质和磷，这些都是由谷物和植物蛋白补充剂提供的。磷是第三种主要营养物质，在这些饲料成分中主要以植酸的形式存在，而植酸是猪不能消化的。为了解决无法消化植酸的问题，我们对约克郡猪的一个品系进行了基因改良，商标为“EnviroigTM”，该品系在唾液中分泌植酸酶，使植酸能够在胃中消化，同时释放磷酸盐，很容易在小肠中吸收。由于不需要在日粮中添加有效磷，谷物中磷的利用率更高，粪便中的磷相应减少了60%。因此，这些猪的饲料成本略低，它们产生的粪便污染潜力较小。我们已经做了广泛的测试，证明猪生长正常，除了唾液植酸酶产生外，在所有其他方面都与传统猪相同，而且非过敏性植酸酶蛋白只存在于唾液腺和一些上呼吸道分泌腺中。本研究的目的是完成食品安全评估和表型表达的稳定性测试，并评估环境猪粪作为植物生长肥料的效果。最终目标是开发一个包含食品和环境安全信息以及功效数据的网站，为监管机构、投资者、科学家、生产商和消费者及其各种组织提供一个廉价但高效的渠道，供全球访问。我们将进行动物研究并为网站汇编信息，而植物研究将通过与土壤科学家的合作完成，数据库将在信息管理专家的协助下汇编。

The swine industry in Canada is a multibillion-dollar business with approximately 14 million pigs on farms. The three major nutrients for their growth and development are carbohydrate, protein and phosphorus, and these are provided by cereal grains and plant protein supplements. Phosphorus, the third major nutrient, is present in these feed components largely in the form of phytic acid, which is not digestible by the pig. To solve the inability to digest phytate we have genetically enhanced a line of Yorkshire pigs trademarked "EnviropigTM" to secrete the enzyme phytase in the salivary that enables digestion of phytate in the stomach with the release of phosphate which is readily absorbed in the small intestine. Since supplementation of the diet with available phosphate is unnecessary, there is greater utilization of the phosphorus in the cereals with a corresponding reduction of phosphorus in the manure by as much as 60%. Therefore, these pigs cost marginally less to feed, and they produce manure that has less pollution potential. We have done extensive testing which documents that the pigs grow normally, are identical to conventional pigs in all other ways other than salivary phytase production, and that the non-allergenic phytase protein is present only in the salivary glands and some secretory glands of the upper respiratory tract. The objective of this research is to complete the food safety assessment and stability testing of phenotypic expression, and to assess the effect of manure from the Enviropigs as a fertilizer for plant growth. The final objective is to develop a website containing food and environmental safety information, and efficacy data that will provide an inexpensive, but efficient conduit for global access by regulators, investors, scientists, producers, and consumers, and their various organizations. We will conduct the animal studies and assemble the information for the website, while the plant research will be completed through collaboration with soil scientists, and the database assembled with assistance of information management experts.