Perceptual organization via a haptic glance: haptic perception and haptically guided grasping

目前的提案讨论了短暂的初始接触在通过触摸进行感知组织中的作用，这是一种人类处理的形式，以前从未被触摸科学家全面解决过。感知组织是人类感知的关键问题的基础：我们如何从最初不完整或不准确的信息从我们的感官感受器转移到对世界的感知，这些感知通常是准确的、明确的和表面上完整的？我们的目标是：i)根据作用力时接触区域在手指下如何移动(动力学)，以及它们的几何和/或材料接触属性，定量评估同时接触的关键原则，以及ii)评估它们对触觉感知和ttual引导抓取的影响。为了初步评估知觉组织对触觉感知和实际引导的抓取的影响，参与者将使用2到10个手指进行一系列简短的接触或“一瞥”，以探索不熟悉的3-D物体的桌面场景，这些物体在运动、几何和/或材料属性上有所不同。在这些简单但在生态上自然的实验中，将需要相关的感知和把握反应。在以后的展会上，我们将允许更有限但仔细控制的初始接触，使用2指定制设计的触摸屏。在知觉测试中，参与者将估计感知1个物体的概率，而不是2个。在握持实验中，他们将间接地通过选择拇指的位置来形成稳定的抓握，此前他们与食指和中指短暂接触。这一结果将提出关于实际知觉和实际引导的抓取的重要问题，并补充了视觉和听觉科学家对知觉组织的现有研究。他们还将有助于定量评估中风患者触觉知觉组织受损的程度。最后，他们将改进以下方面的设计：i)用于触觉感知和实际引导抓取的遥控机器人系统，ii)为盲人用户提供的有形图形(例如，地图、图形)，以及iii)为盲人和有视力的用户提供的虚拟触摸环境。

The current proposal addresses the role of brief initial contact in perceptual organization by touch, a form of human processing never comprehensively addressed by touch scientists before. Perceptual organization is fundamental to the key question for human perception: How do we move from initial incomplete or inaccurate information derived from our sensory receptors to percepts of the world that are most often accurate, unambiguous and apparently complete? Our objectives are: i) to quantitatively assess key principles for tactually grouping and segmenting simultaneous contacts based on how the areas contacted move under the fingers when force is applied (kinetics), as well as on their geometric and/or material contact properties, and ii) to assess their consequences for tactual perception and tactually guided grasping. To initially assess the influence of perceptual organization on tactual perception and tactually guided grasping, participants will perform a series of brief contacts or "glances" using from 2 to 10 fingers to explore tabletop scenes of unfamiliar 3-D objects that vary in their kinetic, geometric, and/or material properties. Relevant perceptual and grasp responses will be required in these simple but ecologically natural experiments. In later expts, we will permit more limited but carefully controlled initial contact with 2-finger custom-designed touch displays. In Perception expts, participants will estimate the probability of perceiving 1 object, as opposed to 2. In the Grasp expts, they will do so indirectly by selecting where to position their thumb to form a stable grasp following earlier brief contact with index and middle fingers. The results will raise important questions about tactual perception and tactually guided grasping, and complement current research on perceptual organization by vision and audition scientists. They will also contribute to the quantitative assessment of extent of impaired tactual perceptual organization in stroke patients. Finally, they will improve the design of: i) telerobotic systems for touch sensing and tactually-guided grasping, ii) tangible graphics (e.g., maps, graphs) for blind users, and iii) virtual touch environments for blind and sighted users.