Integrated modeling and optimization of CO2 enhanced oil recovery and storage under uncertainty

由于新发现的石油储量较少，提高采收率（EOR）在石油工业中发挥着越来越重要的作用。经过一次开采和二次开采后，轻质、中质油藏的剩余油一般在原地质储量的50%~60%之间。注高压气体混相驱在提高中、轻质油采收率方面取得了较大的成功。特别是，CO2注入被认为是在不久的将来最有前途的EOR技术，因为它不仅大大提高了石油采收率，而且大大减少了温室气体排放。自20世纪70年代以来，CO2 EOR已被用作提高石油采收率的商业方法，而CO2储存的有限现场应用仅在最近进行。成功的CO2 EOR和CO2存储过程来自对储层性能的连续监测和监视。虽然监测结果与储层模拟和建模的同时集成代表了成功的最佳机会，但如何完成这一任务仍然是CO2 EOR和CO2封存过程的挑战性问题。此外，CO2 EOR和CO2储存过程的优化与当前的CO2注入实践有很大不同。

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) plays an increasingly important role in the petroleum industry since there are fewer newly discovered oil reserves. After primary recovery and secondary recovery, the oil remaining in the light and medium oil reservoirs is generally in the range of 50~60% of the original oil in place. Among the EOR methods for the light and medium oil reservoirs, miscible displacement by injecting high-pressure gases has been successful to a large extent under favorable conditions. In particular, CO2 injection is considered as the most promising EOR technique in the near future because it not only greatly enhances oil recovery but also considerably reduces greenhouse gas emissions. CO2 EOR has been used as a commercial process for enhancing oil recovery since the 1970's, whereas limited field applications of CO2 storage have been undertaken only recently. Successful CO2 EOR and CO2 storage processes result from continuous monitoring and surveillance on the reservoir performance. Although simultaneous integration of monitoring results and reservoir simulation and modeling represent the best chance for success, how to accomplish this task remains a challenging issue for a CO2 EOR and CO2 storage process. In addition, optimization of both CO2 EOR and CO2 storage processes differs significantly from current CO2 injection practices.