Integrated geophysical methods for enhanced site characterization

为了管理地下水资源和修复污染场地，我们需要描述地质物质的分布以及土壤和地下水的化学性质。然而，在许多自然和受污染地点的地下是非常多变的，而且，因为它在地表以下，很难表征。钻孔历来是水文地质现场表征的主要工具。然而，井眼数据位于有限数量的地下剖面，钻井是侵入性的，因此在受污染的地点必须小心进行。采样的稀疏性可能导致对地下的模糊或不正确的理解。另一方面，地球物理数据可以提供相对便宜的数据，对地下更连续的区域进行采样。通常，地球物理数据可以与地质构造、水质和地下水流量相关联。因此，地球物理数据具有提供空间密集信息的潜力，可用于极大地提高我们对地下的理解。事实上，如果没有密集的空间信息，就无法正确地描述几何复杂的地点，而地球物理数据可以添加信息，从而实现仅凭钻孔数据无法实现的可靠解释。本研究的目的是开发使用多种地球物理方法的实用方法，以提高我们表征地下的能力。特别是，我们正在尝试采用研究文献中提出的新的先进方法，并使其对现实世界的咨询环境有效。

In order to manage groundwater resources and to remediate contaminated sites we need to characterize the distribution of geologic materials and the chemistry of soil and groundwater. However, the subsurface at many natural and contaminated sites is quite variable, and, because it is below the surface, quite difficult to characterize. Drilling boreholes has historically been the main tool for hydrogeologic site characterization. However, borehole data is located at a limited number of subsurface profiles and drilling is intrusive so it must be done with care at contaminated sites. The sparseness of the sampling can lead to an ambiguous or incorrect understanding of the subsurface. On the other hand, geophysical data can provide relatively inexpensive data that samples a much more continuous region of the subsurface. Often, geophysical data can be correlated to geologic formations, water quality and groundwater flow. Consequently, geophysical data has the potential to provide spatially dense information that can be used to dramatically improve our understanding of the subsurface. Indeed, geometrically complex sites cannot be properly characterized without spatially dense information and geophysical data can add information that allows reliable interpretations that are impossible with borehole data alone. The objective of this study is to develop practical methods for using multiple geophysical methods to improve our ability to characterize the subsurface. In particular, we are trying to take new, advanced methods that have been proposed in the research literature and make them effective for the real world consulting environment.