Neutron star astrophysics

中子星是极端的天体，质量是地球的300，000倍，但大小相当于一个小城市。它们提供了一个独特的实验室，可以在高密度，温度和磁场条件下研究物质：这些条件在陆地实验室中无法实现。它们诞生于大质量星星的坍缩，也是我们理解恒星演化，特别是其磁场和自转的起源和演化的重要组成部分。我们提出了一个计划的理论工作，旨在直接解决最近的观测弱和强磁化中子星。目标是探测这些物体的极端物理学，特别是它们的磁场强度和几何形状，它们的内部条件以及它们表面的核燃烧特性。

Neutron stars are extreme astrophysical objects, 300,000 times as massive as the Earth and yet the size of small city. They offer a unique laboratory to study matter under conditions of high density, temperature, and magnetic fields: conditions that cannot be achieved in terrestrial laboratories. Born in the collapse of a massive star, they are also an important part of our understanding of the evolution of stars, especially the origins and evolution of their magnetic fields and rotation. We propose a program of theoretical work designed to directly address recent observations of both weakly and strongly magnetized neutron stars. The goal is to probe the extreme physics of these objects, particularly their magnetic field strength and geometry, their interior conditions, and nuclear burning properties on their surface.