Infrastructure for poultry viral immunology studies

开发新的疫苗和疾病治疗方法已被加拿大家禽业确定为优先研究领域。由于经济和公共卫生意义、控制措施的成本以及现有控制措施的问题，呼吸道病毒感染引起的疾病对家禽养殖业的影响是巨大的。严重致病毒株的出现已成为一个普遍问题，因此，疾病暴发现在经常发生在接种疫苗的鸡群中。因此，确定可持续控制鸡呼吸道病毒的措施是至关重要的。拟议中的基础设施包括高密封性家禽隔离单元和生物安全柜，将支持一个研究项目，以调查针对呼吸道病毒感染引发的先天免疫。这项研究计划有望提供对呼吸道粘膜诱导的先天性免疫机制的基本了解，以对抗病毒感染。由于这项研究的翻译性质，我们计划的结果将作为开发针对鸡的呼吸道病毒感染的新控制措施的基础。鉴于先天免疫反应的非特异性，人们可以想象将同样的原理应用于其他禽类微生物感染的可能性，这些微生物感染在鸡肉和火鸡行业都很重要。这将促进加拿大和其他地方的机构之间的合作。能够与家禽业合作的高素质研究人员的严重短缺造成了加拿大家禽业以及支持联邦机构确定的制约因素。为了解决这个问题，家禽业建立了一项支持家禽科学研究生学习的倡议。加拿大公民和移民局已经开始提供临时签证，以吸引其他北美国家的家禽科学家来加拿大工作。鉴于这一背景，在所需基础设施的帮助下，研究计划将通过提供高素质的人员来解决加拿大家禽业面临的长期健康问题，从而提供长期的好处。

Development of new vaccines and treatments for diseases has been identified as a priority research area by the Canadian poultry industry. Due to economic and public health significance, the cost of control measures and also due to the problems of existing control measures, the impact of diseases caused by respiratory viral infections on the poultry industry is enormous. The emergence of severe disease-causing strains of the viruses has become a common problem and, as a result, disease outbreaks now frequently occur in vaccinated flocks. Therefore, it is vital to identify sustainable control measures against respiratory viruses in chickens. The proposed infrastructure, which includes high containment poultry isolation units and biosafety cabinets, will support a research program to investigate innate immunity elicited against respiratory viral infections. The research program is expected to provide a fundamental understanding of innate immune mechanisms induced in the respiratory mucosa against viral infections. Due to the translational nature of the research, the findings of our program will serve as a basis for the development of novel control measures against respiratory viral infections in chickens. Given the non-specific nature of innate immune responses, one may envision the potential of applying the same principle to other poultry microbial infections that are important in both the chicken and turkey industries. This will promote collaborations among institutions in Canada and elsewhere. Acute shortages of highly qualified research personnel capable of collaborating with the poultry industry has created a constraint identified by both the Canadian poultry industry as well as supporting federal agencies. To address this problem, the poultry industry has established an initiative to support graduate studies in poultry science. Citizenship and Immigration Canada has started a process of providing temporary visas to attract poultry scientists from other North American countries to work in Canada. Given this background, the research program with the aid of requested infrastructure would provide a long-term benefit by making highly qualified personnel available to address long-term health problems confronting the Canadian poultry industry.