Understanding Feedback from Supermassive Black Holes in Galaxies and Clusters

来自超大质量黑洞的能量反馈被认为控制着星系及其周围更大结构的形成和演化。对这一过程最深入的了解来自对冷却气体、恒星形成以及通过强大的射电喷流与围绕椭圆星系和星团的热大气之间的相互作用而产生的机械反馈的研究。在接下来的五年里，我们将利用令人兴奋的新ALMA、Astro-H和LOFAR天文台以及成熟和高产的钱德拉x射线天文台的观测结果，研究超大质量黑洞中富含金属的流出物和星系团热大气中的大量流动。我们将研究恒星形成、分子气体吸积和星系核中超大质量黑洞周围吸积盘的强大爆发之间的关系。这项提议的研究将通过检查诸如来自环核分子气体盘的吸积和来自热大气的邦迪吸积等机制，更深入地了解强大的河外射电喷流是如何发射和推动的。来自这些敏感的新天文台的数据将揭示超大质量黑洞的生长和能量反馈在宇宙时间内的演变。

Energetic feedback from supermassive black holes is thought to govern the formation and evolution of galaxies and the larger structures surrounding them. The deepest insight into this process has come from studies of cooling gas, star formation, and mechanical feedback through interactions between powerful radio jets and the hot atmospheres surrounding elliptical galaxies and clusters. Over the next five years, we will use observations from the exciting new ALMA, Astro-H, and LOFAR observatories, and the mature and productive Chandra X-ray Observatory to study metal-enriched outflows from supermassive black holes and bulk flows in the hot atmospheres of clusters of galaxies. We will examine the relationships between star formation, molecular gas accretion, and powerful outbursts from accretion disks around supermassive black holes in the nuclei of galaxies. The proposed research will lead to a deeper understanding of how powerful extragalactic radio jets are launched and fueled by examining mechanisms such as accretion from circumnuclear molecular gas disks and Bondi accretion from hot atmospheres. The data from these sensitive new observatories will reveal the growth of supermassive black holes and the evolution of energetic feedback over cosmic time.