The role of vang-1/Van Gogh in the ciliated neurons of C. elegans

纤毛是在大多数真核细胞表面发现的感觉或运动细胞器。最近，平面细胞极性（PCP）信号，一个完善的调节细胞极性沿着上皮细胞表面，已涉及纤毛的形成，方向和功能。我的实验室使用C。elegans作为研究PCP信号在神经元形态和功能中的作用的模型。我们最近发现，蠕虫的PCP核心蛋白质的直系同源物旺-1/货车Gogh和PRKL-1/Prickle在蠕虫头部的纤毛感觉神经元（CEP神经元）或支持细胞（CEP鞘细胞）的特定亚群中表达。此外，GFP翻译融合显示旺-1在位于CEP树突远端的纤毛（过渡区）中特异性积累。我们假设CEP神经元中的旺-1通过PCP样机制（可能包括CEPsh细胞中的PRKL-1）发挥作用，以适当地调节树突尖端的结构，这些结构对纤毛形成、维持或感觉功能至关重要。因此，我们建议确定旺-1和其他核心PCP通路组分如PRKL-1在纤毛神经元中的作用，研究在纤毛过渡区需要旺-1的遗传和细胞通路，并确定和表征特异性地将旺-1定位于纤毛或直接或间接地与CEP神经元纤毛中的旺-1相互作用所需的新组分。最终，这项研究计划应该帮助我们更好地了解PCP样信号和纤毛之间的关系，以及提供新的见解PCP通路组件在神经元细胞中的作用。

Cilia are sensory or motile organelles found on the surface of most eukaryotic cells. Recently, planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling, a well-established regulator of cellular polarity along the surface of epithelial cells, has been implicated in cilia formation, orientation, and function. My laboratory uses C. elegans as a model to investigate the role of PCP signaling in neuronal morphology and function. We have recently shown that worm orthologues of the core PCP proteins VANG-1/Van Gogh and PRKL-1/Prickle are expressed in specific subsets of ciliated sensory neurons (CEP neurons) or support cells (CEP sheath cells) in the worm head. In addition, a GFP translational fusion showed a specific accumulation of VANG-1 to the cilia (transition zone) located at the distal tip of CEP dendrites. We hypothesize that VANG-1 in CEP neurons acts through a PCP-like mechanism, that may include PRKL-1 in CEPsh cells, to properly polarize structures at the dendritic tip that are important for cilia formation, maintenance, or sensory function. We therefore propose to identify the role of VANG-1 and other core PCP pathway components like PRKL-1 in ciliated neurons, investigate genetic and cellular pathways that require VANG-1 in the transition zone of cilia, and identify and characterize new components required to specifically localize VANG-1 to cilia or interact directly or indirectly with VANG-1 in the cilia of CEP neurons. Ultimately, this research program should help us better understand the relationship between PCP-like signaling and cilia as well as provide new insight into the role of PCP pathway components in neuronal cells.