Advancing the Field of River Ice Engineering Using Ice Processes Research

这项研究计划的总体目标是促进对河冰过程(包括河冰的形成、生长、演化和解体)的现有知识的了解，以支持河冰工程领域。河流结冰具有重大的社会和经济后果，如陆上洪水、供水堵塞和北部水电站的收入损失，每年给加拿大经济造成数百万美元的损失。从该计划中获得的知识以及随之而来的河冰过程数值模拟的改进将有助于水电行业、洪水预报员和各种其他利益相关者降低这些成本。将结合现场测量、仔细控制的实验室研究和数值模拟来实现这一目标。共有7名高素质人员将在该计划内接受培训。 该计划的第一阶段涉及建立一个使用两条河流的河冰监测网络，作为寒冷气候下其他河流的模型，并将通过同行评议的期刊和提供包含原始数据的ftp网站的访问，向冰雪工程界提供全面的数据集。将使用水位计、延时红外相机、空中观测以及水流速度和悬浮泥沙浓度的测量，对河流结冰过程进行五个季节的监测。 第二阶段将研究部分被冰覆盖的航道中复杂的湍流条件。将使用受控良好的实验室测试来调查各种变量的影响，如河道宽高比、河床和冰的相对粗糙度以及河岸几何形状。这项研究将是此类研究的第一次，其结果有望有助于改进边界冰生长方程和部分被冰覆盖的河道的水力模拟。 该计划的最后阶段旨在将前两个阶段的结果纳入CRISSP2D数值模式，从而向更广泛的冰工程界提供切实的成果。

The overarching goal of this research program is to advance the current state of knowledge of river ice processes (including river ice formation, growth, evolution and break-up) to support the field of river ice engineering. River ice has significant social and economic consequences such as overland flooding, water supply blockages and lost revenue at northern hydroelectric generating stations that cost the Canadian economy millions of dollars annually. Knowledge gained from this program and the accompanying improvements to numerical modeling of river ice processes will assist the hydroelectric industry, flood forecasters and various other stakeholders with mitigating these costs. A combination of field measurements, carefully controlled laboratory studies and numerical modeling will be used to accomplish this objective. A total of seven highly qualified personnel will receive training within this program. Phase 1 of this program involves creating a river ice monitoring network using two rivers to serve as a model for other rivers in cold climates, and will provide a comprehensive data set to the ice engineering community through peer-reviewed journals and by providing access to an ftp site containing raw data. River ice processes will be monitored for five seasons using water level gauges, time lapse infrared cameras, aerial observations, as well as measurements of water velocity and suspended sediment concentration. Phase 2 will investigate the complex turbulent flow conditions in a partially ice-covered channel. Well controlled laboratory testing will be used to investigate effects of variables such as channel aspect ratio, relative roughness of the channel bed and ice, as well as riverbank geometry. This study will be the first of its kind, and the results are anticipated to assist with improving border ice growth equations and hydraulic modeling of partially ice-covered channels. The final phase of this program is intended to incorporate results from the first two phases into the CRISSP2D numerical model, thereby providing a tangible deliverable to the wider ice engineering community.