Fuel Minimization and addition of Solar Arrays for Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) with parallel configuration

混合动力汽车(HEV)包括电动马达、逆变器、电池组和带油箱的内燃机(ICE)。在插入式混合动力汽车(或PHEV)中，车载电池充电器增加了一个外部连接器坞站，允许用户从120V或240V交流电源插座为电池充电。在过去的两年里，一些PHEV已经进入消费市场(例如丰田普锐斯混合动力插件)，其特点是全电动汽车续航里程较短(电池尺寸较小)，而混合动力续航里程较长。这是一个仍然需要研究的领域。在混合动力并联结构中，电机和内燃机(ICE)同时提供车辆牵引所需的机械扭矩。内燃机和电动马达驱动的额定功率都低于车辆的总额定功率，从而大幅降低了内燃机的质量和体积。申请人之前所做的研究集中于在给定ICE额定车辆总额定功率的情况下，在这种并行PHEV上实施的功率共享策略。研究表明，为实现最低燃料消耗而实施的功率共享策略应以逐步耗尽电池为目标，只有在行程结束时才能获得电池的最小荷电状态。全电动汽车运行和内燃机电动汽车运行之间的最佳转换可以由扭矩阈值T_Lim定义，该阈值是电机转速的函数，但也取决于驱动周期、行程长度和电池的初始荷电状态。该策略不同于传统的基于规则的策略，后者在进入充电持续模式之前强制完全耗尽电池。

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) include an electric motor, an inverter, a battery pack, and an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) with its fuel tank. In the Plugin HEV (or PHEV), an on-board battery charger is added with an external connector dock, allowing the user to charge the battery from the 120V or 240V AC outlet. During the last 2 years, a number of PHEVs have entered the consumer market (e.g. Toyota Prius Hybrid Plugin), which feature a short all-EV range (and low battery size) with a long hybrid range. This is an area where research is still necessary. In the hybrid parallel configuration, the electric motor and Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) simultaneously provide the mechanical torque required for the vehicle traction. The ICE and electric motor drive each have a nominal power rating lower than the vehicle total power rating, allowing substantial reduction in the ICE mass and volume. Earlier research done by the applicant has focused on the power-sharing strategies to be implemented on such parallel PHEV with a given ICE rating of the total vehicle nominal power. The research has shown that the power-sharing strategy to be implemented for minimum fuel consumption should target progressive battery depletion with the minimum battery State of Charge obtained only at the end of the trip. The optimal transition between All-EV operation and ICE-EV operation was found to be definable by a torque threshold T_lim, which is a function of the electric motor rotational speed, but also dependent upon the driving cycle, the trip length and the battery initial state of charge. This strategy is different from the conventional rule-based strategy, which forces a complete battery depletion before entering a charge sustaining mode.