Allocation of Responsive Capacity in Managing Supply Chain Disruptions

近年来，2011年日本地震、南亚海啸(2004年)等重大自然灾害，再加上最近全球供应链和精益制造系统的趋势，表明供应链面临着更多风险，导致物资流动中断和潜在损失。最近的这些重大事件突显出，全球供应链并不像表面上看起来的那么可靠。没有考虑中断影响的供应链设计缺乏适应这些事件的措施。2011年日本地震后，丰田报告称，地震在六个月后仍对产量造成影响；因此，该公司的目标是设计一条强大的供应链，在再次发生大地震的情况下，在两周内恢复。 虽然这些事件的发生是无法避免的，但我们可以做些什么来减少这些灾难的影响？我们应该改进中断管理阶段的哪个方面：缓解、准备、反应和恢复？尽管改进缓解战略的研究有越来越多的趋势，但仍有许多方面需要解决，例如供应链的有效运作。这项研究计划的目标是开发设计方法，以提高供应链从重大中断中恢复的响应能力。主要重点放在中断管理的“准备”和“反应”阶段。 该研究计划将侧重于战略和战术层面的政策，特别是作为应急战略的最佳能力管理政策。该计划的结果对于持有库存以防中断在财务上令人望而却步的行业特别有用。该计划中将开发的决策模型将允许确定最优的库存战略、能力规划和高效的供应分配网络。拟议的研究计划将通过对响应性、服务水平和成本之间的权衡分析，调查各种库存策略以及供应网络，以实现快速恢复。加拿大航空航天工业是经济的主要贡献者，依靠全球供应链开展业务。基于首席研究员与普拉特和惠特尼加拿大公司、庞巴迪公司和贝尔直升机公司的密切合作，该项目中开发的模型将有机会实施并为加拿大经济做出贡献。

In recent years, major natural disasters of 2011 Japan Earthquake, tsunami in south Asia (2004), coupled with recent trends of global supply chains and lean manufacturing systems showed that supply chains are exposed to a greater number of risks resulting in material flow disruptions and potential loss. These recent major events highlighted that global supply chains are less reliable than they appear. Supply chain designs that do not consider the impact of disruptions lack the measures to accommodate these events. After the 2011 Japan Earthquake, Toyota reported that the quake still affected the output after six months; as a result, the company has targeted to design a robust supply chain that would recover within two weeks in the event of another major earthquake. Although the occurrence of these events could not have been avoided, what could we have done to reduce the impact of these disasters? Which aspect of disruption management phases should we improve: Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery? Despite the fact that there is increasing trend of research to improve mitigation strategies, there are many aspects to tackle such as an efficient operation of supply chains. The objective of this research program is to develop design methodologies to improve the responsiveness of supply chains in recovering from major disruptions. The main focus is on the “preparedness” and “response” phases of the disruption management. The research program will focus on strategic and tactical level policies, specifically optimal capacity management policies as a contingency strategy. The outcome of this program can be particularly useful for industries where holding inventory against disruptions is financially prohibitive. The decision models that will be developed in this program will allow the determination of the optimal inventory strategy, capacity planning and efficient distribution network for supplies. The proposed research program will investigate various inventory strategies along with the supply network for quick recovery through a trade-off analysis between responsiveness, service level, and cost. Canadian aerospace industry is a primary contributor to the economy and is relying on global supply chains to conduct its operations. Based on the principal investigator's strong collaboration with Pratt and Whitney Canada, Bombardier , and Bell Helicopter the developed models in this program will have the opportunity to be implemented and contribute to Canadian economy.