Improving Safety and Productivity on Construction Sites through Dynamic Planning, Monitoring and Control

建筑业是加拿大各行业中死亡人数最多的行业之一。仅在2009年至2011年期间，加拿大就有651起建筑事故死亡，占所有死亡人数的22.6%。建筑工地的不良安全和生产力记录表明，有充分的机会改进目前的做法。本研究计划的总体目标是通过有效的规划、监测和控制过程来改善建筑工地的管理实践，以提高建筑工地的安全性和生产力。建筑工地管理的主要挑战是建筑工地的动态和不断变化的性质，这使得预测事件和制定积极的计划变得困难。本研究将利用信息通信技术和自动化的最新进展和能力来解决建筑项目的动态性，并旨在开发建筑工地管理的新方法。本研究计划的长期目标是开发新的有效和实用的方法：

Construction has one of the highest numbers of fatalities among Canadian industries. During 2009 to 2011 alone, there were 651 construction fatalities in Canada, accounting for 22.6% of all fatalities. The poor records of safety and productivity on construction sites suggest that there are ample opportunities for improving the current practice. The overarching goal of this research program is to improve construction site management practices through effective planning, monitoring and control processes, to improve safety and productivity on construction sites. The main challenge in construction site management is thedynamic and ever–changing nature of construction sites that makes predicting events and making proactive plans difficult. This research will take advantage of the recent advancements and capabilities of ICT and automation to address the dynamic nature of construction projects and aims to develop novel methodologies for construction site management. The long term objectives of this research program are to develop new effective and practical methodologies for:    Objective 1- Dynamic construction site planning    Objective 2- Real-time monitoring on construction sites    Objective 3- Intelligent control for accident prediction and prevention This proposal adopts the three main project management processes of Planning, Monitoring and Control, which are traditionally used to manage project cost and schedule, and applies them to construction site management. Site planning (Objective 1) provides the optimal layout for both the location of stationary objects, and the paths for moving objects. Tradeoffs between site layout and schedule will be analyzed and heuristic optimization techniques will be employed to optimize the site layout and schedule simultaneously. Site monitoring (Objective 2) will ensure that the actual status of the site is according to the plan by tracking the status of static and moving objects (equipment, workers, material) on site. Seamless indoor-outdoor tracking will be used to track stationary and moving objects in real-time. This will allow detection of digressions from the plan in real-time and as it happens. Intelligent site control (Objective 3) analyzes the impact of the digressions identified by the monitoring system and detects unsafe proximity between objects. It provides assistance to prevent accidents by predicting potential collisions or falls before they actually occur. The research program outlined in this proposal will provide innovative methodologies to improve safety and productivity on construction sites and will bring construction site management in line with the advancements of the 21st century. The HQP trained in this research program will work in closely in collaboration with industry practitioners and will develop expertise in an emerging interdisciplinary area that is highly in demand in today’s construction industry.