Integrate BIM and Life Cycle Cost Analysis and Assessment to Design Sustainable Elderly-Friendly Buildings at the Initial Stage

该研究计划的愿景是评估、识别和填补集成平台开发中存在的许多空白，该平台用于评估和分析加拿大人在初始阶段的可持续老年友好型建筑（SEFB）的设计。建筑信息建模（BIM）的概念。 老年人友好建筑的概念与建筑业有关，因为它考虑到与人类需求有关的各种因素。鉴于加拿大老龄化人口的增加，这一点非常重要，预计到2051年将占加拿大人口的25%。可持续设计的目标是创造宜居、舒适和节能的家园。可持续设计需要减少关键资源的消耗，并防止设施在其整个生命周期中造成的环境退化。建筑师/工程/施工（A/E/C）行业在可持续发展方面面临的挑战是满足安全和健康的新设施和翻新设施的需求，同时尽量减少对环境，社会和经济的影响。为了提高能源性能，我们使用具有最小生命周期环境影响（EI）的材料，这是可持续设计的基本原则的一部分。 BIM技术使工程师能够设计和创建虚拟模型，同时在施工开始前可视化和评估各种设计方案。设计师使用BIM工具创建3D模型，其中相关组件从内置数据库中选择。然而，与可持续设计有关的信息尚未纳入这些模型。在初始设计阶段预测SEFB的能源消耗和支出将有助于降低能源和资源成本。然而，在可行性阶段应用初始方法来识别设计和建造SEFB所需的组件，评估其EI并在BIM环境中分析其成本是有益的。 关于项目的继续或终止的关键决定是在初始设计阶段作出的，在此阶段，可获得的信息是有限的。然而，这些决定是基于评估项目成本、效益和盈利能力的可行性研究，而不需要详细的数据和设计专业知识或经验。 决策者需要可靠的技术和工具，以便在决定建筑项目的状态时使用。因此，至关重要的是建立一个初始设计策略，以更好地了解SEFB所需的组件，并评估和分类其相关的成本和效益。为了实施这一战略，必须开发一个完全集成的平台，在建筑施工的初始设计阶段将BIM和可持续性要求集成在一起。

The vision of this research program is to evaluate, identify and fill many of the gaps that exist in the development of an integrated platform, which is used to assess and analyze the design of sustainable elderly-friendly buildings (SEFBs) for Canadians at the initial stage within the concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM). The notion of elderly friendly buildings is relevant to the construction industry because it takes into consideration a variety of factors related to human needs. This is of high importance given the increased aging population in Canada, which is expected to account for 25% of Canada’s population by 2051. The aim of sustainable design is to create homes that are livable, comfortable and energy efficient. Sustainable design requires reducing depletion of critical resources and preventing environmental degradation caused by facilities throughout their life cycle. The challenge facing the Architect/Engineering/Construction (A/E/C) industry in relation to sustainability is to meet the demands of new and renovated facilities that are secure and healthy while minimizing their impact on the environment, society and economy. To improve energy performance, we use materials with minimal life-cycle environmental impacts (EIs), which are part of the fundamental principles for sustainable design. BIM technology enables engineers to design and create virtual models while visualizing and evaluating various design alternatives before construction begins. Designers use BIM tools to create 3D models wherein associated components are selected from a built-in database. However, information related to sustainable design is not yet incorporated into these models. Predicting energy consumption and expenditures of SEFBs at the initial design stage will contribute to reducing energy and resource costs. Yet, it is beneficial to apply an initial method at the feasibility stage to identify the components needed to design and construct SEFBs, to assess their EIs, and to analyze their costs within BIM environment. Critical decisions about the continuation or dismissal of projects are made during the initial design stage, in which the available information is limited. However, these decisions are based on feasibility studies that evaluate the cost, benefit and profitability of projects without entailing detailed data and design expertise or experience. Decision makers are in need of dependable techniques and tools that they can use when deciding on the status of building projects. Therefore, it is vital to establish an initial design strategy to better understand the components needed to do SEFBs, and to evaluate and classify their related costs and benefits. To apply such a strategy, it is essential to develop a fully integrated platform that integrates BIM and sustainability requirements at the initial design stage of building construction.