Measurement of a Lepton Lepton Electroweak Reaction (MOLLER): An Ultraprecise Measurement of the Weak Mixing Angle using Møller Scattering at Jefferson Laboratory

欧洲核子研究中心希格斯玻色子的发现是对标准模型的期待已久的验证，该模型总结了我们目前对基本粒子及其相互作用的理解。四种基本力是引力、电磁力、弱核力和强核力。普通物质由原子核中以质子和中子形式结合在一起的基本粒子、电子和上下夸克的子集组成。电磁力和弱力已经成功地统一成了量子电弱理论，而将其他两种力统一起来也是亚原子理论家的目标。尽管标准模型取得了成功，但它并不完整。宇宙中大约97%的物质和能量都是未知的；这种“暗”物质和能量是从天体物理观测中解释星系自转速度所需要的，但还不包括在标准模型中。此外，对弱力的中介体Z玻色子质量处的弱混合角的两个最精确的测量结果彼此不一致，也与希格斯粒子的测量质量不一致。

The discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN was the long-awaited validation of the Standard Model, which summarizes our current understanding of fundamental particles and their interactions. The four fundamental forces are the gravitational, electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear forces. Ordinary matter consists of a subset of the fundamental particles, electrons and up- and down- quarks bound together as protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The electromagnetic and weak forces have been successfully unified into a quantum electroweak theory, and it is a goal of subatomic theorists to unify the other two forces as well. Despite the success of the Standard Model, it is not complete. Approximately 97% of the matter and energy in the universe is unknown; this "dark" matter and energy is needed to explain the rotation rates of galaxies from astrophysical observations, but is not yet included in the Standard Model. In addition, the two most precise measurements of the weak mixing angle at the mass of the Z boson, which is the mediator of the weak force, do not agree with each other or the measured mass of the Higgs.