Electrocortical and hormonal responses to threat across development

成功地适应不断变化的环境取决于迅速发现、注意和应对威胁刺激的能力。这种反应依赖于引导和维持对威胁的注意力的神经网络，以及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA）及其激素终产物皮质醇。这些系统以关键的互惠方式相互作用，随着时间的推移，形成后续的高阶认知和情感发展。然而，尽管有大量的动物研究，很少有人类研究检查了这些神经网络和HPA轴在发育或纵向上的相互作用，这对于确定这些系统如何随着时间的推移相互编程至关重要。因此，这个研究项目的主要目的是

Successful adaptation to a changing environment depends upon the ability to rapidly detect, attend to, and respond to threatening stimuli. This response relies on neural networks that direct and sustain attention to threat and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and its hormonal end-product, cortisol. These systems interact with one another in critical reciprocal ways, over time shaping subsequent higher-order cognitive and affective development. Yet, despite a wealth of animal research, very few studies in humans have examined the interactions of these neural networks and the HPA axis across development or longitudinally, which is critical for identifying how these systems program one another over time. Thus, the primary aim of this program of research is to e