Geofluids and Geohazards

拟议的研究计划将为卡尔加里大学的“地质流体”新的跨学科研究小组提供基础，该研究小组最初将专注于量化流体和流体压力在俯冲带地震活动和海底滑坡中的作用，使用地壳尺度的流体流动模型。升高的流体压力被认为是这两种灾害的一种机制：通过机械方式削弱斜坡沉积物，并“预处理”它们在地震中失效，以及通过减少俯冲带中板块边界断层的有效应力和摩擦特性。模型开发和参数化将成为HQP项目的基础，硕士生主要关注通过地球物理数据（即热流和地震反射数据）分析来约束模型参数，以及通过海洋钻探（即孔隙度和渗透率）回收的岩心的实验室变形实验。博士学生将负责将这些数据集合成到流体流动模型中，并进行用于预测每个研究区域的压力分布的模拟。研究计划的第一批项目将集中在现有合作的重点地区：新西兰的希库朗吉俯冲带和加州的圣巴巴拉盆地。

The proposed research program will provide the foundation for a new interdisciplinary research group in “Geofluids” at the University of Calgary, which will initially focus on quantifying the role of fluids and fluid pressures in subduction zone seismicity, and submarine landslides, using crustal scale models of fluid flow. Elevated fluid pressures have been invoked as a mechanism in both of these hazards: by mechanically weakening slope sediments, and “preconditioning” them to fail in an earthquake, and by reducing the effective stress and frictional properties of the plate boundary fault in subduction zones. The model development and parameterization will form the basis for HQP projects, with M.Sc. students primarily focused on constraining model parameters through analysis of geophysical data (i.e. heat flow and seismic reflection data), and laboratory deformation experiments on cores recovered through ocean drilling (i.e. porosity and permeability). Ph.D. students will take responsibility for synthesizing these datasets into the fluid flow model, and conducting the simulations used to predict the pressure distribution in each study area. The first projects in the research program will concentrate on regions that are the focus of existing collaborations: the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand, and the Santa Barbara Basin, California.