Advanced composite dielectric materials for use in the transmision of electrical power by direct current

标准的行业测试结合使用中的经验通常用于开发高压交流输电线路的绝缘子设计。在过去的100年左右的时间里，传统的陶瓷绝缘子一直被用于暖通空调输电线路。今天，由聚合物材料制成的绝缘子(聚合物绝缘子)正在逐步取代较老的陶瓷绝缘子。聚合物绝缘子已经以这种方式开发用于HVAC，目前在高压直流(HVDC)传输线上的使用数量有限。随着全球对高压直流输电的兴趣与日俱增，高压直流输电用聚合物绝缘子已经成为一个未知的实体，因为还没有为高压直流输电制定标准的行业测试。在本研究计划中，使用为暖通空调开发的标准试验评估了用于暖通空调的聚合物绝缘子，但对用于暖通空调的聚合物绝缘子进行了适当的修改，以评估聚合物材料的适宜性和绝缘子设计评估是否能够承受有利于聚合物材料老化的环境条件。该研究计划最初将检查专门为交流和适当修改直流测试而开发的斜面测试(IPT)。这一步骤突出了交流和直流之间聚合物材料老化机理的差异，并验证了交流聚合物绝缘材料在DC的使用。表面的电润湿机制是聚合物材料老化的主要因素，在交流、+DC和-DC下进行了研究和比较。两种常见的用于暖通空调绝缘子的聚合物材料，硅橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶，将在不同的填料和填料水平下在DC上进行IPT研究。直流的绝缘子设计将在盐雾环境中进行研究，交流的现有设计将在类似的老化条件下用于直流。对绝缘子外形和材料的修改以实现最佳性能，预计将是该研究计划的结果。

Standard industry tests coupled with in-service experience have commonly been used to develop insulator designs for high voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission lines. For the most part, conventional ceramic insulators have been used on HVAC transmission lines for the past 100 years or so. Today, insulators that are made from polymeric materials (polymer insulators) are gradually replacing the older ceramic insulators. Polymer insulators have been developed in this way for HVAC and are currently used in limited numbers on high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines. In light of increased global interest in HVDC transmission, polymer insulators for HVDC have become an unknown entity, as no standard industry tests have been developed for HVDC. In this research program, polymer insulators for HVAC are assessed for use at HVDC using the standard tests developed for HVAC, but suitably modified for HVDC, both for suitability of polymeric material and insulator design evaluation in terms of being able to withstand the environmental conditions conducive to aging of polymeric materials. The research program will initially examine the inclined plane test (IPT) that has been developed specifically for AC and suitably modifying the test for DC. This step highlights the differences in aging mechanisms of polymeric materials, between AC and DC, and validates the use of AC polymeric insulation materials at DC. The electrowetting mechanism of surfaces, which is a major factor in aging of polymeric materials, is to be investigated and compared at AC, +DC and -DC. The two common polymeric materials for HVAC insulators, silicone rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer, will be studied with various fillers and filler levels using the IPT at DC. Insulator design, for DC will be investigated in a salt-fog environment and existing designs for AC will be examined for use at DC at similar aging conditions. Modifications to insulator profile and material for optimum performance is expected to be the outcome of the research program.