Innovating Multiphase Flows for Engineering Applications

该计划遵循了多相流中应用流体力学的两种研究方向：一种是液体横流中的气体(气泡)射流，另一种是气体环境中的液体射流(喷雾)。这项工作是将我在喷嘴基本流体动力学方面的专业知识应用于工程行业中具有重要商业和工业意义的应用的发展的一部分。这两个项目是我以前工作的自然进展，符合当前这些领域发展的科学需要。*第一个项目将采用一条12.7毫米的方形通道，侧壁清晰，侧壁上有多个气体喷口，用于对气体注入时液体横流的可视化和速度测量。可变进气口将提供一个机会来了解这种丰富的基本流动，这在工业应用中具有重要的应用，涉及平衡理解领域之外的两相流动混合，传统上使用众所周知的流型图进行预测。这项工作将致力于为这些流动制定详细的比例定律，以便将研究结果应用于具有不同流体的大几何形状。*第二个项目将使我在柴油喷油器中使用的连续进料喷嘴的闪光雾化研究取得成功。第一步将是使用沸水进行液滴大小和速度测量，然后切换到使用沸腾丙烷的系统。在此之后，真正的柴油和丙烷将被混合和雾化，为内燃机的测试做准备。这项工作的目的是找到新的雾化策略，能够可靠地为各种燃料混合物产生小的燃料液滴。这可能会导致新的多燃料发动机应用的开发，并降低污染物和温室气体的排放。*这项工作将是实验性的，将在很大程度上依赖于我在阿尔伯塔大学已经拥有的流体力学实验设备，并将使用主要依赖于高速摄影和激光诊断工具的测量系统。预算的大部分将用于持续资助两名研究生，在任何时候都有一名学生在每个研究项目上工作。

The proposed program follows two streams of research effort in applied fluid mechanics in multiphase flow: one in gas (bubbly) jets in a liquid crossflow, and one liquid jets in a gaseous environment (spray). This work has been part of an evolution of bringing my expertise in fundamental fluid dynamics of jets to applications of commercial and industrial importance in the engineering industry. The two projects are natural progress of my previous work and follow the current scientific need for developments in these areas.  ******The first project will employ a 12.7mm square channel with clear side walls and a multiplicity of gas injection ports on the side walls to perform visualization and velocity measurements of liquid crossflows with gas injection. The variable injection ports will provide an opportunity to understand this rich fundamental flow, which has significant applications to industry applications involving mixing of two phase flows outside the realm of equilibrium understanding traditionally predicted with well known flow regime maps. The work will be devoted to the development of detailed scaling laws for these flows to allow for the application of findings to large geometries with different fluids.*******The second project will carry my success in flashing atomization research in continuous feed nozzles to use in Diesel fuel injectors. The first step will be to perform droplet size and velocity measurements using boiling water, then switch to a system with boiling propane. After this, real Diesel fuel and propane will be mixed and atomized to prepare for the testing in IC (internal combustion) engines.  The purpose of this work is to find novel atomization strategies which can reliably generate small fuel droplets for a wide range of fuel mixtures. This could lead to the development of new multi-fuel engine applications and lower pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions.******The work will be experimental in nature, will rely heavily on fluid dynamics experimental apparatus already in my possession at the University of Alberta and will employ measurement systems primarily reliant on high speed photography and laser diagnostic tools. The majority of the budget will be toward the continuous funding of two graduate students, with at all times one student working on each of the research thrusts.