Computational Models of Colour Perception with Applications to Camera and Light Design

这个建议是关于物体的颜色是如何被不同的“旁观者”--不同的人，不同的相机--在不同的灯光下（日光，LED，荧光灯，钨丝灯）感知的。 颜色是一个非常跨学科的领域，涉及心理学，哲学，化学，物理学和计算机科学。我理解颜色的方法是将颜色感知视为一个计算过程。 因此，在我的实验室开发的颜色感知模型被制定为算法，可以测试它们是否只是提供预期的结果，其次是它们是否以与心理学家进行的心理物理实验中已知的人类颜色感知一致的方式运作。 理解和建模颜色感知的基本困难在于，由于人类只有3种类型的颜色敏感锥细胞，因此进入眼睛的光的波长与感知的颜色之间没有一一对应的关系。 还有许多其他的困难，例如相同的反射光谱在不同的环境中可能看起来不同，这些都有助于颜色成为一个迷人的研究领域。 然而，这些困难给数码相机工业、数码印刷工业、数码显示工业、纺织工业、照明工业、颜色的科学使用（例如，在医学应用中），以及艺术品的数字保存。本提案中的研究项目涉及直接应用于所有这些技术领域的颜色科学的基本问题。拟议的研究的目标建立在我的实验室，其中包括在我们最近的获奖论文中描述的同色异谱的工作最近取得的进展，题为“同色异谱失配”（Logvinenko，Funt，Godau）和发展的一个照明不变的颜色色调的描述符。这些目标包括：（i）确定在给定光线下从物体可观察到的全套颜色;（ii）开发材料颜色恒定性的模型;（iii）创建数字相机颜色保真度的新度量;（iv）研究条件等色不匹配作为评估节能灯的显色特性的工具;以及（v）验证新提出的色调描述符并将其应用于诸如基于颜色的对象识别的任务。研究预算主要用于培训高素质的人员，即支持学生的工资和他们的会议旅行。我以前的学生现在在彩色成像领域取得了成功。

This proposal is about how the colours of objects are perceived by different `observers'-different people, different cameras-and under different lights (daylight, LED, fluorescent, tungsten). Colour is a very interdisciplinary field touching on psychology, philosophy, chemistry, physics, and computer science. My approach to understanding colour is to view colour perception as a computational process. As such, the models of colour perception developed in my laboratory are formulated as algorithms that can be tested both in terms of whether or not they simply provide the expected results, and secondly in terms of whether they operate in a way that is congruent with what is known about human colour perception from the psychophysical experiments conducted by psychologists. The fundamental difficulty in understanding and modeling colour perception is that because humans have only 3 types of colour-sensitive cones there is no one-to-one correspondence between the wavelengths of light entering the eye and perceived colour. There are many other difficulties too, such as how the same reflected-light spectrum may look different in different contexts, and these all contribute to colour being a fascinating field of research. These difficulties, however, present problems for the digital camera industry, the digital printing industry, the digital display industry, the textile industry, the lighting industry, the scientific use of colour (e.g., in medical applications), and the digital preservation of artwork. The research projects in this proposal address fundamental issues of colour science that have direct application to all these technology areas. The objectives of the proposed research build on the recent progress in my laboratory that include work on metamerism described in our recent prize-winning paper entitled "Metamer Mismatch Volumes" (Logvinenko, Funt, Godau) and on the development of an illuminant-invariant descriptor for colour hues. The objectives include: (i) determining the full set of colours observable from objects under a given light; (ii) developing a model of material colour constancy; (iii) creating a new measure of the colour fidelity of digital cameras; (iv) investigating metamer mismatching as a tool for evaluating the colour rendering properties of energy-efficient lights; and (v) validating the newly proposed hue descriptor and applying it to tasks such as colour-based object identification. The research budget is primarily for the training of highly qualified personnel; namely, support of student salaries and their conference travel. My previous students now have successful careers in the colour-imaging field.