Lightweight Symmetric Key Cryptography: Design, Analysis, Implementation, and Application

轻量级密码学是指针对受资源限制（如面积、功率和能源）的数字硬件嵌入式系统的安全算法的设计和实现。此类系统的例子包括RFID标签、智能卡和无线传感器网络中的节点，此类系统的约束性质对系统安全设计提出了独特的挑战。本研究的目的是研究轻量级加密算法的设计、实现和应用，例如针对嵌入式系统的分组密码、流密码和哈希函数。****在本研究中，我们将探讨轻量级加密的设计和实现问题，针对特定应用集成电路（asic）和现场可编程门阵列（fpga），并将考虑对嵌入式系统重要的所有要求，包括面积，功率和能源。由于许多嵌入式系统可以使用多种加密算法，因此我们将研究资源共享等方面以提高效率。此外，设计和实现将考虑侧信道攻击的应用，并将研究减轻这些攻击的方法。****研究成果将包括创建新的轻量级密码和哈希算法，分析新的和现有的算法，以及针对重要应用（如无线传感器网络）开发新颖、高效的实现。所进行的研究将对与轻量级加密硬件设计相关的知识做出重大贡献，并有望影响与嵌入式系统安全相关的工程实践。在知识产权和培训高素质人员方面，这对加拿大工业和信息技术和电信部门的政府组织具有重大价值。**************

Lightweight cryptography refers to the design and implementation of security algorithms that are targeted to digital hardware embedded systems constrained in resources, such as area, power, and energy. Examples of such systems include RFID tags, smartcards, and nodes in wireless sensor networks and the constrained nature of such systems poses unique challenges for the design of system security. The intent of this research is to investigate the design, implementation, and application of lightweight cryptographic algorithms such as block ciphers, stream ciphers, and hash functions targeted to embedded systems. ****In this research, we will explore the design and implementation issues of lightweight cryptography, targeted to both application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and will include consideration of all requirements important to embedded systems, including area, power, and energy. Since many embedded systems can be expected to utilize multiple cryptographic algorithms, we will examine aspects such as resource sharing to improve efficiency. Further, the designs and implementations will consider the application of side-channel attacks and methods will be investigated to mitigate these attacks. ****Research outcomes will include the creation of new lightweight cipher and hash algorithms, analysis of new and existing algorithms, and the development of novel, efficient implementations targeted to important applications such as wireless sensor networks. The research undertaken will contribute significantly to the knowledge associated with lightweight cryptographic hardware design and is expected to influence the engineering practice associated with embedded system security. This will be of significant value, both in terms of intellectual property and training of highly qualified personnel, to Canadian industry and government organizations in the information technology and telecommunications sectors.**************