Plate tectonic reconstructions of northern Asia: toward finding longitudes

古地磁学在板块构造重建中一直起着至关重要的作用，其目的是获得古地磁极点，以建立不同大陆的视极游走路径(APWP)。这些路径被用来重建过去大陆的位置，这对于破译地幔对流如何与板块构造有关，以及动力过程如何控制海底扩张、火山活动、地震、断层和地形是必要的。所有这些动力学过程控制着矿产资源形成的地质环境，影响着气候变化和生命的演化，因此理解这些动力学过程具有重要意义。*一些大陆区块的非杀伤人员地雷得到了可靠的重建，而另一些则非常零星。同时，由于地磁偶极场的轴对称性，单纯基于古地磁资料的板块构造模型不能恢复古经向信息。当古纬度和古经度都可以重建时，准确的绝对板块运动模型是地幔对流模型必不可少的表面边界条件。大火成岩省(LIP)是过去地幔热柱活动的表面表现形式，它与俯冲到下地幔的大洋板块的残留物最近被提出并成功地用于晚古生代-中生代的一系列绝对板块构造重建。同时，亚洲北部(西伯利亚、中国北部和南部)这一时间段的板块构造模型也有很大的不同，因为古地磁极数不足，而且巨大的时间间隔没有任何可靠的数据。西伯利亚的前寒武纪APWP根本没有建造。它解释了为什么这一地区的重建可靠性不够，尽管它占据了地球上所有陆地面积的20%左右。我的研究目的是利用新的古地磁数据建立可靠的板块构造重建，以便在全球构造板块模型的背景下评估北亚的组装和演化。*我建议结合古地磁和嘴唇上的信息来评估古隆起。两个相反的热地幔热柱，非洲和太平洋，主导着当今所有的全球剪切波层析成像模型。这些羽状物与地幔中热的深部地幔向上流动的区域相对应。当嘴唇被重建到至少在过去300英里内的喷发地点时，它们似乎集中在两个羽状物的边缘上方。我建议使用关于地幔热柱位置寿命的假设来估计过去北亚大陆的经度。在全球重建的背景下，准确的亚洲板块构造重建将对所有研究全球尺度地质过程的地球科学家来说是有用的。古地理地图对研究过去的重要性与任何现代地理或地质地图研究当今现象的重要性相同，因此加拿大在这一研究领域的优先地位是重要的。矿产资源储量属于跨国公司，加拿大对西伯利亚矿石和油气储量勘探的投资正在呈指数级增长。在研究程度较低的地区，不可能进行高效的勘探和开采。我的研究旨在改善这种情况，并向国际和加拿大地球科学界传达北亚板块构造方面的信息。

Paleomagnetism has always played a crucial role in plate tectonic reconstructions, aiming at obtaining paleomagnetic poles to build the Apparent Polar Wander Path (APWP) of different continents. Such paths are used to reconstruct position of continents in the past which is necessary to decipher how mantle convection relates to plate tectonics and how dynamical processes control seafloor spreading, volcanic activity, earthquakes, faulting and topography. All these dynamic processes control the geological environment for mineral resource formation, impact the climate change and evolution of life thus are important to understand. *The APWPs are reliably reconstructed for some of the continental blocks and are very sporadic for others. At the same time, plate tectonic models based solely on paleomagnetic data are not able to restore paleolongitude information because of the axial symmetry of the geomagnetic dipolar field. Accurate absolute plate motion models, when both paleolatitude and paleolongitude can be reconstructed, are essential surface boundary conditions for mantle convection models. Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs), which are surficial expression of mantle plume activity of the past, and remnants of the subducted oceanic plates into the lower mantle were recently suggested and successfully used to perform a set of absolute plate tectonic reconstructions in Late Paleozoic -Mesozoic eras. At the same time, the plate tectonic models for this time interval for the Northern part of Asia (Siberia, North and South China) substantially differ as the number of paleomagnetic poles is insufficient and enormous time intervals do not have any reliable data. The Precambrian APWP for Siberia was not constructed at all. It explains why the reliability of the reconstructions for this part of the world is inadequate, although it occupies ~20% of all land mass on Earth. My research aims to build reliable plate tectonic reconstructions using new paleomagnetic data in order to assess assembly and evolution of the Northern Asia in the context of the global tectonic plate models.*I propose to combine paleomagnetism and information on LIPs to evaluate paleolongitudes. Two antipodal hot mantle plumes, African and Pacific, dominate all present-day global shear-wave tomography models. The plumes correspond to the areas in the Earth's mantle where hot deep mantle flows up. When LIPs are reconstructed to their eruption sites at least over the past 300 Myr, they appear to be concentrated above the edges of the two plumes. I propose to use the hypothesis about longevity of the mantle plume position in order to estimate the longitudes of the North Asian continents in the past. Accurate Asian plate tectonic reconstructions in the context of global reconstructions will be useful for all earth scientists who deal with the global scale geological processes. Paleogeographic maps carry the same importance for studying the past as any modern geographical or geological maps for studying present day phenomena therefore Canadian priority in this field of research is important. Mineral resource deposits belong to international companies and Canadian investments into exploration of ores and oil and gas deposits in Siberia are increasing exponentially. It is impossible to perform high efficiency exploration and mining in poorly studied regions. My research aims to improve such situations and to deliver to international and Canadian earth science community the plate tectonic aspects of Northern Asia.