Innovation in Materials Processing using Synthesis and Generalization of Multiphysics, Multicoupled Systems

这个发现项目的最终目标是大大加快所有材料工艺的创新周期。在短期内，重点将放在电弧焊和创建数学工具来研究多物理场，多耦合过程。人们普遍认为，对材料工艺的科学理解与其工程应用之间的巨大差距阻碍了材料工艺的创新和设计。提出的发现计划旨在通过开发准确、通用、计算效率高的模型和材料工艺设计规则来弥合这一差距。这些模型和设计规则将基于先进的、跨学科的数学方法和大量的实验。所开发的方法将直接有助于在定量水平上将加工、结构和性质相互联系起来。全新的工具和知识的发展将使适当的材料工艺工程处理，而不是目前的试错方法。这项工作预计将对从业者产生很大的影响，但达到结果的基础超出了行业的授权和能力。**将开展的工作将利用和扩展前一轮探索资助期间开发的工具，以及已发表并获得重要国际奖项和认可的活动。这个项目的教育目标是让未来的HQP接触到难以理想化的现实生活过程，并教他们提取这些过程的基本特征以进行定量预测。HQP还将接触到最先进的科学设备和软件，以及全尺寸的生产设备。**采用的先进方法包括数值模拟和缩放技术框架内的实验测量相结合。加拿大焊接和连接中心已经开始使用所有必要的软件和实验设施来开发所提出的方法。缩放技术的实施和发展是本提案的一个独特方面，特别适合解决材料加工的复杂性，特别是焊接。缩放是一种经过验证的技术，用于物理、应用数学和许多工程学科的系统知识的综合、推广和外推。从标度对其他学科的影响来看，它在材料科学和工程领域的应用具有巨大的潜力。缩放结果在设计过程的概念阶段，作为控制系统的实时模型，以及作为数值模型和实验的基准是有用的。**所提出的研究对多耦合、多物理场、非平衡问题的影响可能非常大。特别是焊接对制造业和加拿大丰富的自然资源的开发至关重要。要开发的方法不仅适用于焊接，而且通过现有的合作（包括学术和工业合作），预计它们将使许多材料工艺受益。标度技术的用途超出了材料加工和工程，一般来说，涉及物理学、应用数学、生物学（由此产生的标度定律被称为“异速定律”）和运营管理。在这项工作中开发的缩放方法的应用将通过跨学科合作逐步渗透到其他领域。拟议的研究计划将与其他当前和未来更狭义的项目协同作用，其中需要对特定材料过程进行科学理解。

The ultimate goal of this Discovery program is to greatly accelerate the innovation cycle for all materials processes. In the short term, the focus will be on arc welding and on the creation of mathematical tools to study multiphysics, multicoupled processes. It is generally agreed that innovation and design in materials process is hindered by the broad gap between scientific understanding of materials processes and its engineering application. The proposed Discovery program aims at bridging this gap by developing accurate, general, computationally efficient models and design rules for materials processes. These models and design rules will be based on advanced, cross-disciplinary mathematical methodologies and intense experimentation. The methodologies developed will be of direct help in relating processing, structure, and properties to each other at a quantitative level. The radically new tools and knowledge developed will enable proper materials process engineering treatment instead of the current approach of trial and error. This work is expected to be of much influence to practitioners, but the foundations to arrive to the results are beyond industry's mandate and abilities.**The work to be carried out leverages and expands on the tools developed during the previous round of Discovery funding, activities that have been published and received important international awards and recognition. The education objective of this program is to expose future HQP to real-life processes that are very difficult to idealize, and to teach them to distill the essential features of these processes to make quantitative predictions. HQP will also be exposed to state of the art scientific equipment and software, and full-scale production equipment.**The advanced methodologies to be employed consist of a combination of numerical modeling and experimental measurements within the framework of scaling techniques. The Canadian Centre for Welding and Joining already counts with all necessary software and experimental facilities to develop the methodologies proposed. The implementation and development of scaling techniques is a distinguishing aspect of this proposal, and is especially suitable to addresses the complex nature of materials processing, particularly welding. Scaling is a proven technique for the synthesis, generalization, and extrapolation of knowledge across systems in physics, applied mathematics, and many engineering disciplines. Judging by the impact of Scaling on those other disciplines, its application to the field of materials science and engineering holds enormous potential. Scaling results are useful at the conceptual stage in the design process, as real-time models in control systems, and as benchmarks of numerical models and experiments.**The impact of the proposed studies on multicoupled, multiphysics, non-equilibrium problems can be very large. Welding in particular is essential for the manufacturing industry and for the exploitation of Canada's vast natural resources. The methodologies to be developed are useful beyond welding, and through existing collaborations, (both academic and with industry) it is expected that they will benefit many materials processes. Scaling techniques are useful beyond materials processing and engineering in general, reaching physics, applied mathematics, biology (where the resulting scaling laws are called "allometric laws"), and operations management. The applications of the scaling methodologies developed in this proposed work will trickle down to those other areas through interdisciplinary collaborations. The proposed research program will be synergistic with other current and future more narrowly defined projects in which scientific understanding is required for a particular materials process.