Trigeneration and district energy: modelling, optimization and advanced applications

将热电联产系统与地区能源相结合，可促进电力、供暖和制冷服务的提供。热电联产是同时生产三种产品：电、热和冷，而区域能量(DE)包括区域供热和区域供冷。这类系统在工业和建筑物中的应用尤其普遍。与电力、供暖和制冷的独立过程相比，三电联产和可持续发展的好处包括效率更高。*迄今的进展表明，三联产和可持续发展特别有益，但在最佳的三联产和可持续发展方面，以及在将其应用于建筑物、社区和工业方面，存在着关键的知识差距。这项建议满足了这些需求。其目标是通过有效利用先进的热电联产和可持续发展技术，提高能源系统的效率、可持续性、环境影响和经济性。主要任务是1)推广和开发用于建模、分析和优化热电联产和DE系统及其应用的方法和工具；2)开发先进的热电联产和DE技术和系统，侧重于环境友好和可持续的选择，特别是那些基于可再生能源的选择；以及3)开发和评估将热电联产和DE系统整合到先进应用中的有益和最佳方式，如在工业和建筑物中的应用。这项研究将利用先进的工具，如火用方法。研究计划的范围包括可持续性、寿命、可靠性和安全性等相关因素。*所采用的方法将涉及详细的热力学组件和系统建模和模拟，考虑能量转换以及热和流体流动方面。将制定先进的优化程序，纳入多个目标和适当的约束条件。将酌情考虑替代技术。复杂工业和建筑的高级应用将受到特别关注。*拟议的研究将产生许多好处，并在先进能源系统的工程及其应用中具有重要的技术意义。特别是，拟议的研究将改进/优化先进的热电联产和区域能源系统的设计，增加应用(特别是工业和建筑)，并以更高的效率、经济和环境行为提供供暖、制冷和电力服务。此外，拟议的研究将通过提供一般工程方面的许多技能，特别是能源方面的技能，对许多HQP进行有益的培训。

The integration of systems for trigeneration with district energy can facilitate the provision of electrical, heating and cooling services. Trigeneration is the simultaneous production of three products: electricity, heat and cool, while district energy (DE) includes both district heating and district cooling. Applications for such systems are particularly prevalent in industry and buildings. The benefits of trigeneration and DE include higher efficiency relative to stand-alone processes for electricity, heating and cooling.*******Progress to date indicates that trigeneration and DE are particularly beneficial, but that crucial knowledge gaps exist in terms of optimal trigeneration and DE, and in applying them to buildings, communities and industries. This proposal addresses these needs. The objectives are to enhance energy systems, in terms of efficiency, sustainability, environmental impact and economics, through the effective utilization advanced trigeneration and DE technologies. The main tasks are to 1) extend and develop methods and tools for modelling, analysis and optimization of trigeneration and DE systems plus their applications; 2) develop advanced trigeneration and DE technologies and systems, focusing on environmentally benign and sustainable options, particularly those founded on renewable energy sources; and 3) develop and assess beneficial and optimal ways to integrate trigeneration and DE systems into advanced applications, such as those in industry and buildings. The research will exploit advanced tools such as exergy methods. The scope of the research program includes relevant factors such as sustainability, lifetime, reliability and safety.*******The approach utilized will involve detailed thermodynamic component and systems modelling and simulation, considering energy conversion as well as heat and fluid flow aspects. Advanced optimization routines will be developed, incorporating multiple objectives and appropriate constraints. Alternative technologies will be considered as appropriate. Advanced applications to complex industries and buildings will receive special attention. ******The proposed research will yield numerous benefits and be of great technical significance in the engineering of advanced energy systems and their applications. In particular, the proposed research will lead to improved/optimal designs for advanced trigeneration and district energy systems and increased applications (especially for industry and buildings), and to the provision of heating, cooling and electrical services with enhanced efficiency, economic and environmental behaviour. Additionally, the proposed research will lead to the beneficial training of many HQP by providing many skill sets in engineering in general and energy in particular.******