Novel technology for low-CO2 concrete using ash recycled from the hemp industry**

波特兰水泥是世界上使用最多的建筑材料之一。它是混凝土生产中必不可少的组成部分。2014年，加拿大生产了大约1300万吨水泥。据估计，水泥生产占全球二氧化碳排放量的5%-7%。二氧化碳被认为是导致全球气候变化的主要温室气体。各国水泥和混凝土生产商都在积极寻找降低二氧化碳排放量的方法。其中一种方法是通过用补充胶凝材料（SCMs）代替水泥来减少混凝土混合物中的水泥量。scm要么是自然产生的产品/副产品，要么可能是其他行业制造的副产品。作为工业副产品的SCMs的一些常见例子包括粉煤灰、磨碎的粒状高炉渣和硅灰。事实上，随着燃煤电厂的逐步淘汰，粉煤灰的产量正在随着时间的推移而减少。2018年10月，《加拿大大麻法案》生效，娱乐性大麻使用合法化。一项针对加拿大主要大麻生产商的调查显示，到2020年底，每年可生产230万至240万公斤大麻。虽然大麻叶将是主要用途，但在此过程中，必须处理数十万公斤大麻茎形式的废物。如果这些废物被送到垃圾填埋场，它会分解，随着时间的推移，向大气中释放二氧化碳。在类似的情况下，其他主要有机作物的全球生产商已经能够将其废料用作混凝土配合比设计中的scm。废弃的大麻茎有可能在混凝土生产中用作SCM。同样，本研究的目的是研究在水泥生产中使用焚烧后的废大麻秸秆的可能性。国家利益的研究成果是可能为水泥生产商确定新的供应链管理，大麻生产商处理其废物系统的潜在解决方案，以及减少二氧化碳排放以实现国家目标的总体贡献。

Portland cement is one of the most used construction materials in the world. It is the essential component in the production of concrete. Approximately 13 million tonnes of cement were produced in Canada in 2014. It is estimated that cement production is responsible for 5%-7% of global CO2 emissions. CO2 is considered to be the primary greenhouse gas driving global climate change. National cement and concrete producers are actively looking for ways to lower their CO2 output. One of the ways to do so is to reduce the amount of cement in a concrete mix, by replacing it with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). SCMs are either naturally occurring products/by-products, or may be manufactured by-products from other industries. Some common examples of SCMs which occur as industrial by-products include fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and silica fume. In fact, production of fly ash is decreasing with time as coal fired electricity generating plants are being phased out. In October 2018, the Canadian Cannabis Act came into force, which legalized the use of recreational marijuana. A survey of major Canadian Cannabis producers indicates that by the end of 2020, 2.3-2.4 million kilograms of Cannabis could be produced on an annual basis. While the cannabis leaf will be of primary use, in the process, hundreds of thousands of kilograms of waste in the form of Cannabis stems will have to be disposed of. If this waste material is sent to a landfill, it will decompose, and with time, release CO2 into the atmosphere. Under similar circumstances, global producers of other major organic crops have been able to use their waste material as SCMs in concrete mix designs. It is possible that waste Cannabis stems could be used as an SCM in concrete production. Similarly, the purpose of this study is to examine the possibilities of using incinerated waste Cannabis stalk in cement production. The research outcomes of national benefit are the possible identification of a new SCM for cement producers, a potential solution for Cannabis producers to deal with their waste stems, and overall contribution to the goal of reducing CO2 emissions to meet national targets.