Static and Dynamic High-Integrity Architectural Application Frameworks

通过组装构件来构建模块化的、灵活的软件系统是软件工程的核心问题之一。为了解决这个问题，已经提出了许多不同的方法，如面向对象的框架和产品线体系结构，作为创建和扩展软件系统的范例。这些范例支持依赖于所有应用程序共享的核心系统的体系结构应用程序族(AAFs)，其中每个应用程序的变量扩展是不同的。*然而，尽管这些体系结构应用程序族是通用的，但有广泛的机制来支持其不同的可变性。事实上，这些方法和其他方法支持的扩展可以基于许多不同的基于关注点的组合机制，例如方面、面向对象的视图、模式、高阶多态、连接器和包装器。这些扩展导致了不同的模块概念，但这些方法之间的关系目前还没有很好地理解。组合和集成静态和动态的基于关注点的扩展(即分别在设计和运行时)是一项复杂的任务，内部违规或不期望的交互导致的故障最终可能只会显示为代价高昂的事故。此外，基于关注点的扩展需要由涉及约束和契约的保证来管理，并且需要验证方法来确保基于关注点的扩展的行为符合预期。*本研究项目的总体目标是定义和评估一种新的灵活和模块化的方法，用于在高度完整性的体系结构应用程序族的设计和演化中进行静态和动态的基于关注点的扩展。研究的重点是：(1)基于关注点的模块化和扩展的基本问题；(2)基于面向过程的方法、约束和契约的静态的基于关注点的AAF扩展；(3)基于约束、契约、上下文和事件的动态基于关注点的AAF扩展，包括依赖于上下文感知的发布-订阅风格的支持；以及(Iv)基于工作流的高保证性技术，用于基于多种静态和动态分析(例如，模型检查、逻辑编程)来验证体系结构应用框架的设计、集成和演化。*本研究将以基于关注点的视角增强当前对体系结构的以模型为中心的关注，并为模块化和灵活性提供原则性支持，这是开发AAFS的两个基石。它还将通过国内和国际合作，在对加拿大具有战略意义的领域提供出色的培训，在软件设计和发展方面支持软件研究人员、工程师和开发人员，并帮助提供更有技能、具有全球竞争力的软件专家，并提高加拿大软件业的经济竞争力。

The construction of modular and flexible software systems by assembling components is one of the central problems in software engineering. To address this problem, many different approaches such as object-oriented frameworks and product line architectures have been proposed as paradigms in which to create and extend software systems. These paradigms support architectural applications families (AAFs) that rely on a core system shared by all applications where each application differs by their variable extensions.******However, while these architectural application families are generic, there is a wide range of mechanisms that support their diverse variability. Indeed, the extensions supported by these and other approaches can be based on many different concern-based composition mechanisms such as aspects, object-oriented views, patterns, higher-order polymorphism, connectors and wrappers. These extensions lead to different module notions, but the relationship among these approaches is currently not well understood. Composing and integrating static and dynamic concern-based extensions (i.e., at design and runtime, respectively) is a complex task for which failures from internal violations or undesirable interactions may be at last revealed only as costly accidents. Further, the concern-based extensions need to be governed by guarantees involving constraints and contracts, and verification methods are needed to ensure that the concern-based extensions behave as expected.******The general goal of this research project is to define and evaluate a new flexible and modular approach to static and dynamic concern-based extensions in the design and evolution of high-integrity architectural application families. The research focuses on (i) fundamental problems in concern-based modularity and extensions; (ii) static concern-based AAF extensions based on process-oriented methods, constraints and contracts; (iii) dynamic concern-based AAF extensions based on constraints, contracts, context and events, including support relying on the context-aware publish-subscribe style; and (iv) high-assurance techniques based on workflows for verifying architectural application framework design, integration and evolution based on multiple static and dynamic analyses (e.g., model checking, logic programming).******This research will augment the current model-centric focus on architectures with a concern-based perspective and provide principled support for modularity and flexibility, two cornerstones of developing AAFs. It will also offer excellent training through national and international collaborations in an area that is strategic to Canada, support software researchers, engineers and developers in software design and evolution, and help to provide more skilled, globally competitive software experts and increase the economic competitiveness of the Canadian software industry.