Tuning Spaces: How parametric design, computer simulation, and digital fabrication will impact the acoustic performance of architecture

声音是建筑体验和建筑性能不可或缺的一个方面。然而，尽管声音在声学工程中很重要，而且存在适用的设计方法，但在建筑设计过程中很少考虑声音。在过去的几十年里，建筑师的设计工具发生了实质性的变化：建筑图纸从纸质到数字，从二维到三维，参数和计算方法现在能够实现复杂几何形状的建筑，计算机模拟现在可以评估以前不可能实现的设计方面。设计师和工程师现在开始使用参数设计、计算机模拟和数字制造来设计声音。*这项研究试图从根本上和创造性地将声音整合到建筑设计过程中，并通过生产新的声学表面来测试这些新过程。这些实验特别侧重于会议室、演讲厅和开放式工作环境等日常空间，利用计算设计算法和参数建模技术，将这些算法和参数建模技术与现有的定制模拟软件相结合，创建声学性能驱动的空间和表面。研究目标是：开发数字化设计工具，并将这些工具与计算机声学性能评估联系起来：研究数字制造用于生产声学性能驱动型建筑的潜力：调查不同类型声学表面的放置与由此产生的空间声学特性的关系：研究实现良好声学性能所必需的声散射量；开发设计技术和寻找声学参数，以确定通过在开放平面空间内改变表面的材料属性而创建的声学性能的可感知子空间。*将使用声学模拟和可听化的科学方法来评估数字设计方案，并将使用已建立的定量测量方法来评估1：1原型。虽然设计和评估的联系是必要的，但本研究认为这是不够的。建筑是一个从构思到实现的设计过程，因此声学性能的融入不仅要融入到设计和仿真中，而且要融入到制造和组装的构造逻辑中。这项研究将产生新的设计方法和数字制造技术来创建新的声学表面。这些新的设计方法将使加拿大建筑师和工程师特别受益，使他们能够更好地接触声音，而新声学表面的开发通常将使加拿大人受益，并产生更好的音质建筑。

Sound is an integral aspect of architectural experience and of building performance. However, despite sound's importance and the existence of applicable design methods in acoustic engineering, sound is rarely considered in the architectural design process. In the past decades, the architect's design tools have substantially changed: the architectural drawing has gone from paper to digital, from 2-D to 3-D, parametric and computational methods now enable the realisation of buildings with complex geometry, and computer simulation can now evaluate aspects of design that were previously not possible. Designers and engineers are now beginning to design for sound using parametric design, computer simulation, and digital fabrication.*******This research seeks to radically and creatively integrate sound into the architectural design process, and test these new processes through the production of novel acoustic surfaces. With a particular focus on everyday spaces such as meeting rooms, lecture halls, and open plan working environments, the experiments utilize computational design algorithms and parametric modelling techniques, combining these with established and custom simulation software to create acoustically performance-driven spaces and surfaces. The research objectives are: to develop digital design tools and link these to computer acoustic performance evaluation: to study the potential of digital fabrication for the production of acoustically performance-driven architecture: to investigate the relationship of the placement of different types of acoustic surfaces and the resulting acoustic characteristics of the space: to study the amount of sound scattering that is necessary to achieve good acoustic performance; and, to develop design techniques and find acoustic parameters to define perceptible subspaces of acoustic performance created by varying material properties of surfaces within an open-plan space.*******Scientific methods for acoustic simulation and auralization will be used to evaluate digital design proposals and established quantitative measurement methods will be used to evaluate 1:1 prototypes. While the linking of design and evaluation is essential, this research proposes that this is insufficient. Architecture is a design process that extends from ideation through to realization, and so the incorporation of acoustic performance must be integrated not only in design and simulation but also into the construction logic of fabrication and assembly. This research will result in the production of novel design methods and digital fabrication techniques in creating new acoustic surfaces. These new design methods will specifically benefit Canadian architects and engineers enabling them better engage with sound, and the development of new acoustic surfaces will generally benefit Canadians and result in better sounding buildings.*********