Atmospheres and Climates of Exoplanets

热彗星和类地系外行星是最有趣的太阳系外行星之一。在接下来的5-10年里，包括TESS、SPiROU-NIRPS、JWST和ELT在内的观测工作将大大提高可用于表征其性质、大气和气候的数据的数量和质量。这带来了新的和重要的建模机会，以 * 完善我们对这些行星的理解。最近，从磁感应机制的预测已被 * 观测证实，使它可能是欧姆耗散和 * 磁阻力是负责半径膨胀现象在 * 热超导体。作为这个解决方案的主要架构师，我建议 * 领导一项努力，改进热行星中的磁感应模型 *，以便它可以用作定量工具，更好地了解这些行星作为一个种群的结构和演化。 我还将进行一项计划，旨在澄清热木星大气中湍流垂直传输的作用和大小。总之，这将阐明形成场景，并直接影响我们对这类行星大气观测值的理解。在附近的恒星周围寻找类似地球的可居住行星，并使用JWST或ELT进行后续表征，是当今系外行星科学的关键驱动力。我的团队在类地系外行星上可能存在的气候多样性方面做出了重要贡献，特别是受全球气候周期影响的寒冷宜居世界或宜居的雪球状态。我将继续探索可居住气候的丰富参数空间 *，主要目标是：提供解释未来发现所需的广泛背景 *。这将通过 * 一个适定的前向建模策略来实现：* 模型气候的模拟观测将用于了解复杂 * 气候系统的哪些方面可以从未来 * 十年及以后天文学家可用的有限的 * 观测约束中可靠地推断出来。

Hot Jupiters and Earth-like exoplanets are among the most interesting***extrasolar planets amenable to study. Over the next 5-10 years,***observational efforts including TESS, SPiROU-NIRPS, JWST and ELTs will***dramatically improve the quantity and the quality of the data***available to characterize their properties, atmospheres and***climates. This brings new and significant modelling opportunities to***refine our understanding of these planets.******Recently, predictions from the magnetic induction mechanism have been***observationally confirmed, making it likely that ohmic dissipation and***magnetic drag are responsible for the radius inflation phenomenon in***hot Jupiters. As a principal architect of this solution, I propose to***lead an effort to refine models of magnetic induction in hot Jupiters***so that it can be used as quantitative tool to better understand the***structure and evolution of these planets as a population. I will also***pursue a program aimed at clarifying the role and magnitude of***turbulent vertical transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres. Together,***this will illuminate formation scenarios and directly impact our***understanding of atmospheric observables for this class of planets.******Finding Earth-like habitable planets around nearby stars for follow-up***characterization with JWST or ELTs is a key driver of exoplanetary***science today. My group has made important contributions regarding the***diversity of climates possible on Earth-like exoplanets, in particular***cold habitable worlds subject to global climate cycles or habitable***snowball states. I will continue to explore the rich parameter space***of habitable climate with one major goal: provide the broad context***needed to interpret future discoveries. This will be achieved through***a well-posed forward-modelling strategy: simulated observations of***model climates will be used to understand which aspects of a complex***climate system can be reliably inferred from the limited set of***observational constraints available to astronomers over the next***decade and beyond.**