Nanomaterials in 0, 1, 2, and 3-Dimensions

纳米材料是许多新兴技术的关键元素，包括能源储存、生物医学设备、化学催化和先进材料。本研究项目侧重于两种最重要的纳米材料系统的合成和反应性——自组装单层（2D SAMs）和配体覆盖的金属纳米颗粒（带有3D SAMs的NPs）。*研究将针对多组分硫醇基二维自组装单层的形成和稳定性获得全面的基于机制的理解。特别强调的是使用电化学方法制造多组分二维地对空导弹。电位辅助交换（或取代）反应提供了以可重复的方式衍生单组分和多组分SAMs的可控入口的可能性。因此，潜在的控制将被详细探讨，作为一种制备具有大量RSH对或三元的二元和三元sam的手段。这些知识将为在二维地对空材料中生成功能纳米级模式提供一个入口。与此同时，决定金属纳米颗粒生长和分散的因素将被确定，重点是NP盖层配体或3D SAM所起的作用。特别是，电荷密度限制平衡尺寸的概念将通过开发一个广泛的结构（如配体种类）-性质（如金属核尺寸）图来探索，使用广泛的配体选择。这些知识将导致对配体稳定性和替代反应激活的理解，并将使方法实现多组分3D SAM的平衡相分离成为一系列纳米级模式

Nanomaterials are key elements of a number of developing technologies including energy storage, biomedical devices, chemical catalysis, and advanced materials. This research program focuses on the synthesis and reactivity of two of the most important nanomaterial systems - self assembled monolayers (2D SAMs) and ligand-capped metal nanoparticles (NPs with 3D SAMs). *Research will be directed to obtaining a comprehensive mechanism-based understanding of the formation and stability of multicomponent thiol-based 2D self assembled monolayers. Particular emphasis will be directed to the use of electrochemical methods to make multicomponent 2D SAMs. Potential-assisted exchange (or replacement) reactions offer the possibility a controlled entry to derivatize mono- and multi-composition SAMs in a reproducible manner. Potential control will thus be explored in detail as a means to prepare binary and ternary SAMs with a large number of RSH pairs or trios. This knowledge will provide an entry to the generation of functional nanoscale patterns in 2D SAMs. In parallel, the factors which determine metal nanoparticle growth and dispersion will be determined, with an emphasis on the role played by the NP capping ligand, or 3D SAM. In particular, the concept of a charge density-limited equilibrium size will be explored by developing an extensive structure (e.g. ligand species) -property (e.g. metal core size) map, using a wide selection of ligands. This knowledge will lead to an understanding of ligand stability and activation toward replacement reactions, and will enable methods to achieve equilibrium phase separation of a multicomponent 3D SAM into a range of nanoscale patterns.***