Integrating sustainability in supply chain planning and decision-making processes

该研究计划的目标是开发新的方法来解决可持续发展原则整合到供应链规划和协作规划的挑战性问题。通常，供应链绩效是纯粹的经济绩效。考虑到环境和社会方面的性能转换到一个三维的概念，这导致了复杂的规划问题：每个维度可能包含多个标准，这可能是冲突的，因此需要妥协。每一项标准都应该用一个相关的指标来衡量。这是一项挑战，因为涉及许多标准，而且这些指标是以不同的单位和衡量尺度来衡量的。有些人是依赖的。在合作框架中寻找妥协增加了复杂性：为了确保合作成功，决策者和利益相关者需要在可持续性标准方面达成共识，共同优势大于个人优势。必须确保行为者从所有经济、环境和社会角度“分享利益和分担风险”的公平性。这个问题主要是从经济学的角度来研究的。最后，决策者和利益相关者可能有不同的背景和目标，并可能从非常不同的角度看待规划问题。 所有这些方面不可避免地导致大的、非线性的、多标准的和多行动者的规划问题。多目标优化是处理这一多学科问题的合适方法。在文献中，提出的方法往往导致单目标优化和经济驱动的模型。只有少数研究在数学公式中考虑了社会标准。所有三个可持续性绩效之间的权衡很少产生和分析。将可持续性整合到供应链规划中对协作的影响尚未得到充分研究。管理者和利益相关者的可持续发展目标很少被考虑，文献中也很少有真实的案例研究。该研究计划旨在：1）开发新的多目标优化模型，以有效地模拟可持续和协作的供应链计划问题。2)开发新的方法和算法来解决公式化的问题，并促进结果的可视化。3)开发新的方法来分享合作的可持续利益，同时确保所有参与者之间的公平性。4)设计高效的规划流程以支持协作环境中的决策制定。5)将所制定的办法和方法应用于森林部门的案例研究，因为可持续性问题非常重要，供应链网络和规划过程复杂而独特。研究结果将推广到其他部门。

The objective of this research program is to develop new approaches to address the challenging problem of sustainability principles integration into supply chain planning and collaborative planning. Usually, the supply chain performance is purely economic. Considering environmental and social aspects transforms the performance to a three-dimensional concept, which leads to complex planning problems: each dimension might encompass multiple criteria, which might be conflictual; compromises are thus required. Each criterion should be measured by a relevant indicator. This is challenging because many criteria are involved and these indicators are measured in different units and measuring scales. Some of them are dependent. Finding compromises in a collaborative framework adds complexity: to ensure the collaboration success, the decision-makers and stakeholders need to reach a consensus and mutual advantages that are greater than individual advantages, in regards to sustainability criteria. Fairness among players regarding “the sharing of benefits and risks” from all economic, environmental and social perspectives must be ensured. This problem has been mainly studied from the economic perspective. Finally, the decision-makers and stakeholders might have different backgrounds and goals, and might perceive the planning problem from very different perspectives. All these aspects inevitably leads to large, non-linear, multiple-criteria and multiple-actors planning problems. Multi-objective optimization is an appropriate approach for dealing with this multidisciplinary problem. In the literature, the approaches proposed often lead to single objective optimization and economic-driven models. Only few studies consider social criteria in the mathematical formulations. Trade-offs between all three sustainability performances are rarely generated and analyzed. The impact of sustainability integration into supply chain planning on collaboration is not sufficiently studied. The managers and stakeholder' sustainability goals are rarely considered and few real case studies have been reported in the literature. This research program aims to: 1) develop new multi-objective optimization models to efficiently model sustainable and collaborative supply chain planning problems. 2) Develop new methods and algorithms to solve the formulated problems and facilitate the visualization of the results. 3) Develop new methods for sh aring the sustainable benefits of collaboration while ensuring fairness among all players. 4) Design efficient planning processes to support decision-making in collaboration context. 5) Apply the approaches and methods developed to cases studies in the forest sector, where sustainability concerns are of high importance and the supply chain networks and planning processes are complex and unique. The results will be generalized to other sectors.