Design and Implementation of Technologies to Support Older Adult-Caregiver Dyads

随着人口老龄化，一种新型的数字用户出现了：照顾者代理。照顾者是帮助老年人日常生活的人，包括社交活动，健康和保健，购物，银行和获得社会服务。照顾者代理经常代表他们帮助的老年人访问电子服务门户网站。代理使用这些门户可能会产生各种严重的安全和隐私问题，并且对于在这些系统的另一端进行交互的提供者（例如政府工作人员，医疗保健提供者，银行官员等）也可能是有问题的。我的研究计划的长期目标是设计和评估技术，使老年人和他们的照顾者能够以支持这些复杂和动态关系的方式一起使用新技术，其中对照顾者的依赖程度随时间而波动，并根据上下文而变化。这些复杂的关系需要得到新兴智能家居技术、陪伴机器人、移动的应用程序和电子服务门户的认可和支持。 在接下来的五年里，我的重点将是设计技术（系统架构，交互技术和隐私配置界面），以支持老年人和护理人员参与电子服务门户网站。我们的电子服务社会要求用户的技术水平不断提高，以便参与银行、医疗保健、教育和访问社会服务。当老年人需要创建帐户并管理其隐私和安全时，他们通常会将这种数字交互部分或全部委托给各种照顾者，这些照顾者可能是配偶，成年子女，朋友或邻居。我将为老年人与看护者的关系建模，以创建设计工具（如二元人物角色），并访问承认和支持这些关系复杂性的技术。我将实施一个跨域工作的电子服务架构，采用考虑到认知能力下降和残疾的交互技术，提供访问透明度和安全检查以检测虐待老年人的行为，并允许保护隐私的信息访问控制。参与这些项目的HQP将获得以人为中心的迭代设计技能，包括需求发现，快速和交互式原型设计，交互式系统实现，正式的可用性研究和其他评估方法。这项工作的成果包括模型的老年人，成年人照顾者的二元关系，照顾者技术的使用，一个广义的eService访问模型的照顾者代理，设计工具，和一组默认的隐私设置，反映常见的老年人照顾者的通信共享模式。其影响将是公司和政府机构设计更安全和强大的电子服务门户网站，明确承认和支持照顾者代理。代理人将能够以尊重老年人信息共享偏好的方式使用电子服务门户。

As the population ages, a new type of digital user emerges: the caregiver proxy. Caregivers are people who help older adults with daily living, including social activities, health and wellness, shopping, banking, and accessing social services. Caregiver proxies often access eService portals on behalf of the older adults they help. Proxy use of such portals can create a wide variety of serious security and privacy problems, and can also be problematic for providers interacting at the other end of these systems (such as government workers, healthcare providers, bank officers, etc.). The long term goal of my research program is to design and evaluate technologies that will allow older adults and their caregivers to use new technologies together in a way that supports these complex and dynamic relationships, in which the level of dependency on caregivers fluctuates over time and varies according to the context. These complex relationships need to be acknowledged and supported by emerging smart-home technologies, companion robots, mobile apps, and eService portals. In the next five years, my focus will be on designing technologies (system architectures, interaction techniques and privacy configuration interfaces) to support older adults and caregivers engaging with eService portals. Our eService society requires increasing technological sophistication of users in order to participate in banking, healthcare, education, and to access social services. When older adults need to create accounts and manage their privacy and security, they often partially or fully delegate this digital interaction to various caregivers, who may be spouses, adult children, friends, or neighbors. I will model older adult-caregiver relationships to create design tools (such as dyadic personas) and access technologies that acknowledge and support the complexity of these relationships. I will implement an eService architecture to work across domains, have interaction techniques that take into account cognitive decline and disabilities, provide access transparency and safety checks to detect elder-abuse, and allow privacy-preserving information access controls. HQP working on these projects will gain skills in human-centered iterative design, including need-finding, rapid and interactive prototyping, interactive systems implementation, and formal usability studies and other evaluation methods. Outcomes of this work include models of older-adult caregiver dyads, understanding of caregiver technology use, a generalized eService access model for caregiver proxies, design tools, and a set of default privacy settings that reflect common older adult-caregiver communication sharing patterns. The impact will be companies and government agencies designing more secure and robust eService portals that explicitly acknowledge and support caregiver proxies. Proxies will be able to use eService portals in ways that respect older adults' information sharing preferences.