Investigation of Rheology and Processing of Multilayer Polymer-Based Products

加拿大塑料工业是一个多方面的行业，价值超过509亿美元，拥有超过3757家公司和17.1万名工人[加拿大塑料工业协会（CPIA）]。人们越来越关注聚合物对环境的影响，这促使塑料行业生产可生物降解的产品。然而，由于缺乏适当的功能或可加工性方面的挑战，现有的生物可降解聚合物不能满足许多应用的要求。聚合物基多层产品是结合可生物降解材料生产部分或完全可生物降解产品的可行选择，同时为材料引入诸如刺激响应性、冲击、光学特性和阻隔特性等功能。由于在产品设计和工艺方面存在的挑战，先进多层产品的发展尚处于起步阶段。为了应对这些挑战，本研究计划的长期目标是开发增值的可生物降解多层产品。这将通过理解结构-过程-属性关系和制定最佳处理策略来实现。这一目标在开发先进的功能化多层产品方面为加拿大经济服务，并在制造这些产品时引入新的加工策略。包括Husky注塑系统、Solvay、Shawcor、Ingenia和Solegear在内的加拿大公司都对解决这些挑战感兴趣。该项目的短期目标如下：目标1：通过将温度、压力、pH和光响应层与工程微纳米结构结合，开发先进的功能多层产品。此次STO的重点将放在生物聚合物的使用上。通过量化(1)粘弹性不稳定性，如滑移、二次流动、界面层不均匀性，开发最佳处理实践；界面强度是材料、工艺和设计参数的函数。研究和模拟先进多层产品的结构-工艺-性能关系(i)在简单和复杂的几何形状；（ii）在线性和非线性粘弹性区域；（三）与弹性和塑性壁相邻。拟议的研究计划将通过研究生和本科生的参与，为培养7名HQP做出贡献。我们的研究团队将利用先进的实验技术（如流变实验、可视化和表征实验），通过开发严格的流变模型来研究丰富的研究课题。这项研究不仅对开发先进的功能化产品，而且对找到生产环保产品的实际解决方案具有重要意义。这样的发展将有利于加拿大的塑料工业，特别是在安大略省，并将加强他们在全球市场上的竞争力。

Canada's plastic industry is a multi-faceted sector worth more than $50.9 billion with over 3,757 companies and 171,000 workers [Canadian Plastics Industry Association (CPIA)]. Growing concerns about the environmental impacts of polymers have encouraged the plastic industry to produce biodegradable products. However, existing biodegradable polymers do not meet the requirements for many applications due to the lack of proper functionality or processability challenges. Polymer-based multilayer products are a viable option to incorporate biodegradable materials to produce partially or fully biodegradable products while introducing functionalities such as stimuli responsiveness, impact, optical properties, and barrier properties to the material. The development of advanced multilayer products is at its infancy due to existing challenges in product design and process. To address these challenges, the long-term goal of this research program is to develop value-added biodegradable multilayer products. This will be achieved through understanding structure-process-properties relationships and developing best processing strategies. This objective serves Canada's economy in terms of developing advanced functionalized multilayer products and introducing new processing strategies in manufacturing these products. Canadian companies including Husky Injection Molding Systems, Solvay, Shawcor, Ingenia and Solegear are interested in resolving such challenges. The short-term objectives (STO's) of this program are as follows: STO1-To develop advanced functional multilayer products by incorporating temperature, pressure, pH and light responsive layers with engineered micro and nanostructures. The focus of this STO will be on the use of biopolymers. STO2-To develop best processing practices through quantifying (i) viscoelastic instabilities such as slippage, secondary flows, interfacial layer nonuniformity; and (ii) interfacial strength as a function of material, process, and design parameters. STO3-To investigate and model the structure-process-property relationship of the fabricated advanced multilayer products (i) in simple and complex geometries; (ii) in linear and non-linear viscoelastic regions; and (iii) adjacent to elastic and plastic-walls. The proposed research program will contribute to the training of seven HQP by engaging both graduate and undergraduate students. Our research team will investigate the rich research topics by developing rigorous rheological models, using advanced experimental techniques (e.g. rheological experimentation, visualization, and characterization experiments). The proposed research is important not only to develop advanced functionalized products but also, to find practical solutions to produce environment-friendly products. Such a development will benefit Canada's plastics industry, more particularly in Ontario, and will strengthen their competitiveness in the global markets.