Design and Implementation of Technologies to Support Older Adult-Caregiver Dyads

随着人口老龄化，一种新型的数字用户出现了：看护代理。照护者是帮助老年人进行日常生活的人，包括社交活动、保健、购物、银行业务和获得社会服务。护理人员代理通常代表他们所帮助的老年人访问eService门户。使用此类门户的代理可能会产生各种严重的安全和隐私问题，并且对于在这些系统的另一端进行交互的提供者（例如政府工作人员、医疗保健提供者、银行职员等）也可能会产生问题。我的研究计划的长期目标是设计和评估技术，使老年人和他们的照顾者能够以一种支持这些复杂和动态关系的方式一起使用新技术，在这种关系中，对照顾者的依赖程度随着时间的推移而波动，并根据环境而变化。这些复杂的关系需要得到新兴智能家居技术、伴侣机器人、移动应用程序和eService门户的认可和支持。在接下来的五年里，我的重点将是设计技术（系统架构、交互技术和隐私配置接口），以支持老年人和护理人员使用eService门户。我们的eService社会要求用户的技术水平不断提高，以便参与银行业务、医疗保健、教育和获取社会服务。当老年人需要创建账户并管理他们的隐私和安全时，他们通常会将这种数字互动部分或全部委托给各种照顾者，这些照顾者可能是配偶、成年子女、朋友或邻居。我将对老年人与照顾者的关系进行建模，以创建设计工具（如二元角色）和访问技术，以承认和支持这些关系的复杂性。我将实现一个跨领域工作的eService架构，拥有考虑到认知能力下降和残疾的交互技术，提供访问透明度和安全检查以检测虐待老年人，并允许保护隐私的信息访问控制。从事这些项目的HQP将获得以人为中心的迭代设计技能，包括需求发现、快速和交互原型、交互系统实现、正式可用性研究和其他评估方法。这项工作的成果包括老年人-成人照顾者二元模型、对照顾者技术使用的理解、照顾者代理的通用eService访问模型、设计工具和一组反映常见老年人-照顾者交流共享模式的默认隐私设置。其影响将是公司和政府机构设计更安全、更健壮的eService门户，明确承认并支持看护代理。代理将能够以尊重老年人信息共享偏好的方式使用eService门户。

As the population ages, a new type of digital user emerges: the caregiver proxy. Caregivers are people who help older adults with daily living, including social activities, health and wellness, shopping, banking, and accessing social services. Caregiver proxies often access eService portals on behalf of the older adults they help. Proxy use of such portals can create a wide variety of serious security and privacy problems, and can also be problematic for providers interacting at the other end of these systems (such as government workers, healthcare providers, bank officers, etc.). The long term goal of my research program is to design and evaluate technologies that will allow older adults and their caregivers to use new technologies together in a way that supports these complex and dynamic relationships, in which the level of dependency on caregivers fluctuates over time and varies according to the context. These complex relationships need to be acknowledged and supported by emerging smart-home technologies, companion robots, mobile apps, and eService portals. In the next five years, my focus will be on designing technologies (system architectures, interaction techniques and privacy configuration interfaces) to support older adults and caregivers engaging with eService portals. Our eService society requires increasing technological sophistication of users in order to participate in banking, healthcare, education, and to access social services. When older adults need to create accounts and manage their privacy and security, they often partially or fully delegate this digital interaction to various caregivers, who may be spouses, adult children, friends, or neighbors. I will model older adult-caregiver relationships to create design tools (such as dyadic personas) and access technologies that acknowledge and support the complexity of these relationships. I will implement an eService architecture to work across domains, have interaction techniques that take into account cognitive decline and disabilities, provide access transparency and safety checks to detect elder-abuse, and allow privacy-preserving information access controls. HQP working on these projects will gain skills in human-centered iterative design, including need-finding, rapid and interactive prototyping, interactive systems implementation, and formal usability studies and other evaluation methods. Outcomes of this work include models of older-adult caregiver dyads, understanding of caregiver technology use, a generalized eService access model for caregiver proxies, design tools, and a set of default privacy settings that reflect common older adult-caregiver communication sharing patterns. The impact will be companies and government agencies designing more secure and robust eService portals that explicitly acknowledge and support caregiver proxies. Proxies will be able to use eService portals in ways that respect older adults' information sharing preferences.