Weather-Sensitive Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Planning and Management

加拿大的许多地区都受到冬季恶劣天气条件的不利影响，这可能对驾驶者的安全和机动性产生不利影响，从而严重阻碍我们国家的经济增长和发展。为了减轻冬季天气的负面影响，本研究计划旨在解决与冬季交通有关的几个重要问题和挑战。具体而言，我提出的研究计划包括以下三个研究部分：1)道路和交通状况的估计和预测：该研究部分的重点是开发模型，该模型可以准确地估计和预测一套完整的空间和时间分析域的道路天气和交通状况信息。在不丧失通用性的前提下，拟议的研究组成部分将纳入多个创新数据源，如遥感卫星图像（如IKONOS）、数字高程模型、联网车辆数据以及固定和移动道路天气条件数据（如MARWIS）。2)综合冬季风暴严重程度指数的建立：该研究部分采用最先进的方法，将小的空间和时间单元作为评估天气严重程度的基本单元。本研究的目的是创建一套冬季严重程度指标，能够从多个角度考虑，包括材料使用、道路安全和机动性。3)交通系统优化：本研究部分的主要目标是开发和完善优化各种交通系统的模型和算法，特别关注最重要的公路智能交通系统（ITS）基础设施之一-道路天气信息系统（RWIS）。将本文所述的其他两个研究组成部分作为本研究组成部分的输入，重点将放在如何在优化系统时考虑其空间划分的影响，从而最好地利用邻近地区和省份的利益。拟议的研究计划包括基础研究和应用研究两部分。从长远来看，这项研究将产生一个重要的新的和全面的知识体系，以推进冬季交通研究领域，这对促进更可持续的交通系统和环境至关重要。该研究还包括应用研究部分，如开发冬季维护决策支持系统，该系统将在恶劣天气事件中提高安全性、机动性和生产力，从而使加拿大和所有加拿大人受益。

Many regions in Canada are adversely affected by harsh winter weather conditions, which can have a detrimental impact on the safety and mobility of motorists, and thus significantly hinder our nation's economic growth and development. To mitigate the negative impacts of winter weather, this research program is proposed to address several important issues and challenges pertaining to winter transportation. In specific, my proposed research program consists of the following three research components: 1) Estimation and prediction of road and traffic conditions: The focus of this research component is on developing models, which can accurately estimate and predict road weather and traffic condition information over a complete set of analysis domains space and time. Without loss of generality, the proposed research component will incorporate multiple innovative data sources such as remotely sensed satellite images (e.g., IKONOS), digital elevation models, connected-vehicles data, and stationary and mobile road weather conditions data (e.g., MARWIS). 2) Development of a comprehensive winter storm severity index: This research component is to take a state-of-the-art approach to the problem, which considers small spatial and temporal units as the building block for evaluating the severity of weather. The objective of this research is to create a set of winter severity indicators that are capable of capturing multiple perspectives, including material use, road safety, and mobility. 3) Transportation system optimization: The main objective of this research component is to develop and refine models and algorithms for optimizing various transportation systems with a specific focus on one of the most important highway intelligent transportation system (ITS) infrastructures - road weather information system (RWIS). Incorporating the two other research components described herein as inputs to this research component, the focus will be on how to best leverage the benefits of neighboring regions and provinces by considering the effects of their spatial demarcations when optimizing the system. The proposed research program entails both fundamental and applied research components. This research, in the long run, will generate a significant body of new and comprehensive knowledge to advance the field of winter transportation research that is essential for promoting more sustainable transportation system and environment. This research also comprises applied research components such as developing a winter maintenance decision support system that will benefit Canada and all Canadians with improved safety, mobility, and productivity during inclement weather events.