Unified Architecture for Security, Reliability, and Trust in Internet of Things

物联网（IoT）技术有望在未来几年内彻底改变众多应用领域。物联网是指具有传感、计算、通信和服务发现能力的嵌入式处理器的自主和唯一可识别的“智能”对象网络。物联网有望在智能关键基础设施领域带来巨大的应用效益，如电网、供水、核电站、互联医疗、电信、环境、农业和国防。在成功部署物联网技术之前，安全性、可靠性和信任是物联网设计中的三个关键研究领域。虽然有广泛的独立解决方案来解决物联网网络的安全性、可靠性和信任问题，但由于许多固有的挑战，综合方法的成功有限。首先，物联网设备主要由小型传感器组成，计算能力、存储和带宽有限，这使得传统安全算法的部署不可行。其次，由于物联网系统与不同的无线技术集成，每个无线技术都有自己的漏洞，因此物联网系统的威胁暴露增加。第三，不均匀的流量、不可预测的拓扑变化、不同的节点密度、高度的移动性和高误码率决定了物联网设备之间的通信。最后，物联网的信任机制之间几乎没有共识。本研究计划的总体目标是在物联网网络中构建一个集成安全、可靠性和信任机制的统一架构。为了实现这一目标，本提案将a)调查物联网特定的漏洞、安全威胁、可靠性和信任要求；b)对物联网流量数据进行分析，建模攻击和可靠性向量；c)为物联网网络上安全、可靠和可信的信息交付统一架构设计一个上下文感知框架；d)通过在物联网测试台上开发和测试候选应用程序来实验验证所提出的架构。该方案的新颖之处在于设计了一个统一的体系结构，该体系结构使用由三个模块组成的上下文感知框架，即认知模块、自适应模块和身份验证模块。在物联网网络中设计安全、可靠和可信的信息传输机制的需求很大，特别是因为此类网络正越来越多地用于商业、医疗保健、政府和国防应用。这将是在物联网中集成一套轻量级安全、可靠性和信任机制的首批研究提案之一。因此，这项研究不仅将培养有价值的HQP，为他们提供该领域独特的知识和专业知识组合，而且有可能为下一代无线网络的设计铺平道路。

Internet of Things (IoT) technology is poised to revolutionize a multitude of application sectors in the next few years. IoT refers to networks of autonomous and uniquely identifiable "smart" objects with embedded processors that have sensing, computing, communicating, and service discovery capabilities. IoT promises enormous application benefits in the areas of smart critical infrastructure such as power grids, water supply, nuclear plants, connected health, telecommunications, environment, agriculture and defence. Security, reliability, and trust stand out as three critical research areas in the design of IoT before the technology can be successfully deployed. While there is a broad corpus of independent solutions for addressing security, reliability and trust in IoT networks, an integrated approach has met with limited success due to many inherent challenges. Firstly, IoT devices mainly consist of small sensors with limited computational power, storage and bandwidth which makes the deployment of traditional security algorithms infeasible. Secondly, threat exposure of IoT systems increases due to their integration with different wireless technologies, each with its own vulnerability. Thirdly, nonuniform traffic, unpredictable topology changes, differing node densities, high degree of mobility, and high bit error rates dictate communication among IoT devices. Finally, there is little consensus among trust mechanisms for IoT.      The overarching goal of this research proposal is to build a unified architecture that integrates security, reliability and trust mechanisms in IoT networks. Towards the realization of this objective, this proposal will a) Investigate vulnerabilities, security threats, reliability and trust requirements specific to IoT; b) Perform analytics on IoT traffic data for modelling of attack and reliability vectors; c) Develop a context-aware framework for the design of a unified architecture for secure, reliable and trustworthy delivery of information over IoT networks; d) Experimentally validate the proposed architecture by developing and testing candidate applications on an IoT test bench. The novelty of the proposal is the design of an unified architecture that uses a context-aware framework consisting of three modules, namely, a cognitive module, an adaptive module, and an authentication module.       There is a major demand for the design of mechanisms for secure, reliable and trustworthy information transfer in IoT networks, especially since such networks are being increasingly deployed for business, healthcare, government and defence applications. This would be one of the first research proposals to integrate a set of lightweight mechanisms for security, reliability and trust in IoT. Thus, this research will not only train valuable HQP by giving them the unique combination of knowledge and expertise in this area but also has the potential to pave the way for the design of next generation wireless networks.