Next Generation Secure and Collaborative Internet of Things (IoT) System - Leveraging Blockchain for Decentralized Control and Privacy Preserving Machine Learning

在不久的将来，当大量的物联网设备连接到网络时，我们可以预见到人们的物联网数据将激增，数据分析和处理的巨大需求将更好地以人为本。它需要物联网设备协作并保护人们的隐私。下一代安全协作物联网系统可广泛用于从智能电网到自动驾驶，从供应链和仓库库存管理到工业4.0的许多领域提供自动化和智能。然而，现有的信息系统可能无法支持这一目标。这不仅是因为物联网设备的数量和需要传输、保存和分析的数据量的爆炸式增长，还因为人们无法完全控制自己的数据，因此对隐私的担忧。这是因为服务器可能遭受分布式拒绝服务攻击和/或单点故障漏洞，如果数据库被破坏，用户的数据将被滥用。具有分散数据存储和处理能力的区块链有望弥补这一差距。在区块链中，数据不保存在数据库中，而是根据共识算法永久记录在块中。此外，智能合约可以在任何地方运行相同的计算机代码，以分散和无处不在的方式处理源附近的用户数据。随着技术的发展和用户的需求，在过去的十年里，我们采用分布式系统作为解决方案来应对智能移动设备的爆发。现在，去中心化架构应该是应对未来十年设备和数据爆炸的解决方案。考虑到来自大量设备的身份验证和授权请求，以及具有隐私和完整性要求的数据存储和处理需求，传统技术难以处理这些问题。我们的总体目标是使数十亿物联网设备以安全和协作的方式工作，为人类提供和谐的服务。相应地，我们将开发去中心化安全控制框架，开发协调协议以优化去中心化隐私保护机器学习的效率，开发博弈论协议以激励学习系统中的数据共享和真相。在这个项目中开发的技术将成为未来行业合作项目的基础，这些技术可以首先根据实际情况进行评估，然后在测试平台上实施，以实验验证我们的工作和概念验证技术转让。该项目将提供一个极好的机会，培训使用区块链技术的工程师和研究人员，他们熟悉使用当代机器智能和去中心化技术来解决下一代物联网系统的复杂性和动态性。

When massive Internet of Things (IoT) devices are connected to the network in near future, we can foresee the surge of people's IoT data and the huge requirements of data analysis and processing for better humancentric services. It requires the IoT devices to collaborate and protect the people privacy. The next generation secure and collaborative IoT system can be widely used to provide the automation and intelligence in many fields from smart grid to autonomous driving, to supply chain and warehouse inventory management, and to industry 4.0. However, existing information system may not be able to support this goal. This is not only due to the explosion of the number of IoT devices and the amount of data to be transmitted, saved, and analyzed, but also because of the privacy concerns as people cannot fully control their data. This is because servers may suffer from the distributed denial of service attacks and/or single-point-of-failure vulnerabilities and users' data would be abused if the database is compromised. The blockchain with decentralized data storage and processing abilities is promising to fix this gap. In blockchain, data is not saved in the database but recorded in blocks permanently upon the consensus algorithm. Besides, the smart contract can run the same computer code anywhere to process users' data near its source in a decentralized and ubiquitous manner. Along with the evolving technology and users' demands, we had adopted the distributed system as the solution to deal with the burst of smart mobile devices in the last decade. Now, the decentralized architecture shall be the solution to deal with the device and data explosions in the next ten years. Considering authentication and authorization requests from the huge number of devices as well as the date storage and processing demands with privacy and integrity requirements, classical techniques have difficulties to deal with these problems. Our overall objective is to enable billions of IoT devices to work in a secure and collaborative way to provide the harmonic services to humans. Correspondingly, we shall develop the framework for the decentralized security control, develop the coordination protocol to optimize the efficiency of decentralized privacy preserving machine learning, develop protocols with game theories to incentivize data-sharing and truth-telling in the learning system. The techniques developed in this project will form the basis of future industry partnership projects where these techniques can be first evaluated based on the practical scenarios and then implemented in testbed for experimental verification of our work and proof-of-concept technology transfer. This project will provide an excellent opportunity to train the engineers and researchers working with blockchain technology who are knowledgeable on the use of contemporary machine intelligence and decentralization techniques to address the complexity and dynamic nature of the next generation IoT system.