濒危植物海南风吹楠种群重建与自然回归研究

海南风吹楠为热带雨林的标识性物种。由于其种群结实率和种子萌发率低、幼苗适应性和抗逆性差难以发育成幼树以及生境片段化严重等原因，其天然资源日渐减少，处于濒危状态。采取强有效的措施快速拯救这一濒危物种迫在眉睫。本研究拟在已探明海南风吹楠生物学特性、繁殖体系、濒危机制以及苗木繁殖技术等关键问题的基础上，采用保护生物学和恢复生态学原理，进行海南风吹楠种群回归自然的实验研究。通过对海南风吹楠幼苗最适生长条件的研究以建立优质的恢复苗繁育体系，根据遗传差异最大化原则和不同龄级幼苗和不同定植密度对比试验合理配置增殖单元，并通过对其生长情况、种群遗传多样性、初期群落的结构、土壤养分动态定期监测，探讨该物种在野生环境下生活所必须的遗传特性和行为适应性，阐明幼苗在回归地生长环境条件的适应性机制，旨在解决该物种的种质资源保护问题，并为其它珍稀濒危植物的种群重建和自然回归提供参考。

Horsfieldia hainanensis Merr. is a typical species of tropical rain forest. For the reason of the low seed setting rate and germination rate, the poor adaptability and stress resistance of seedlings, and the serious fragmentation of habitat, its natural resources are gradually reduced and endangered. It is urgent to take strong and effective measures to save this endangered species. Based on the biological characteristics, propagation system, endangered mechanism and seedling propagation technology of H. hainanensis, this study intends to use the principles of conservation biology and restoration ecology to carry out an experimental study on the return of H. hainanensis population to nature. Based on the study of the optimum growth conditions of the seedlings of H. hainanensis, a high-quality breeding system of restoring seedlings will be established. According to the principle of genetic difference maximization and the comparative experiment of different age level seedlings and different planting density, the multiplication units will be reasonably allocated. Through the regular monitoring of its growth, population genetic diversity, initial community structure and soil nutrient dynamics, the species in the wild will be discussed. In order to solve the problem of conservation of germplasm resources of this species and provide reference for population reconstruction and natural regression of other rare and endangered plants, the genetic characteristics and behavioral adaptability which is necessary for living in the environment will be expounded.