两种杜鹃花的不对称杂交研究及其种质资源利用

自然杂交是物种形成的主要途径之一,在生物进化中起着重要的作用。通过自然杂交产生的后代不仅具有丰富的遗传变异，而且可以直接对其进行有效利用。本项目的研究对象是杜鹃花属的广布物种马缨杜鹃(Rhododendron delavayi French.)与濒危物种蓝果杜鹃(Rhododendron cyanocarpum (French.) W.W.Smith)。前期的研究表明，两者在分布重叠区发生了极不对称的双向杂交。但是，不对称杂交的形成机制尚不清楚，并缺乏对杂交后代有效利用的探索。本研究拟通过对两种植物的受精前和受精后各个阶段,可能影响杂交方向的因素进行深入分析，运用传粉生物学、分子生物学、植物化学以及生态学多学科交叉融合的研究方法，探讨两种植物不对称杂交的发生机制。同时，引种、繁殖和定向培育具有观赏价值的杂交后代。本研究旨在为基础研究及其后续应用研究的相互结合提供一个新思路。

The significant role of natural hybridization in creating opportunities for adaptive evolution and speciation,has been well documented. Simultaneously, hybrids with various genetic resources have been produced and effective utilization could be directly applied to them, though little attention has been paid for combining such basic research with practical use. Previous studies revealed that asymmetrically bidirectional hybridization was detected between a widespread species (Rhododendron delavayi French.) and an endangered species (R. cyanocarpum (French.) W.W.Smith). However, causes of such pattern remain to be unexplored. In this study, we will analyze many reproductive traits probablely affecting the direction of hybridization in both pre- and post-zygotic stages using methods of pollination biology, molecular biology, phytochemistry and ecology. Meanwhile, natural hybrids will be introduced, propagated and cultivated for potential horticulture usage. The study aims to provide a new idea to combine basic research with following practical applications.