半干旱区城市绿地及树种消减大气颗粒物机制研究

高度城市化使得大气颗粒物污染加重，由此引发了环境、健康等一系列问题。城市绿地和树木能有效捕捉大气颗粒物，国内外对园林植物个体、群落吸滞大气颗粒物的效应研究较多，而对其消减机制探讨较少。本研究拟通过对内蒙古半干旱区城市呼和浩特的空气质量、植被等进行调查，利用扫描电镜法、环境磁学法、吸收光谱法、动力学法、模型构建法等多种研究方法，从个体角度研究树种叶吸滞颗粒物的形态、生态特征、磁学参数与吸附特性等；从群体角度探测道路绿化带、公园人工林和天然林植物群落特征、树种叶磁学参数、叶内污染物含量与大气颗粒物浓度的相关性；从空间角度分析绿地的遥感信息、景观指数等，借助PLS模型和人工神经网络模型构建与大气颗粒物浓度的关系；以期从多维度探究树种、植物群落对大气颗粒物的吸滞机理，提出高效吸滞颗粒物的植物群落结构、绿地布局规划策略和技术对策，为改善当地生态环境、营造宜居城市提供科学论据和现实参考。

Severe particulate matter pollution in the atmosphere caused by high-level urbanization has led to a series of environmental and health problems. Urban green spaces and trees can capture atmospheric particulates effectively, and most study focus on investigating the effects of landscape plants on atmospheric particulate absorption at individual and community level. However, few of them concentrated on the reduction mechanism. In this study, based on the survey of air quality and vegetation background in Hohhot, a city located at the typical semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia, we will explore the absorption mechanism of atmospheric particulates from multiple dimensions using scanning electron microscopy, environmental magnetism method, absorption spectroscopy technology, kinetic method, model building method and so forth. First, at the individual level, we plan to discuss the particulate matter absorbing by leaves from diffenrt aspects, such as the morphology, ecological characteristics, magnetic parameters and adsorption properties. Second, at the community level, we will explore the correlation between the characteristics of road green belt, artificial forest community and natural forest community in parks, the magnetic parameters of leaves, the content of pollutants in leaves and the concentration of atmospheric particulates. Finally, from the perspective of space pattern, we will investigate the remote sensing information, landscape indices of green space, and build the relationship between atmospheric particulate concentration using PLS model and artificial neural network model. Integrating multi-dimensional research results, we hope to reveal the mechanism of urban green spaces and tree species on atmospheric particulates absorption, and propose useful planning strategies of plant community structure and green spaces layout with corresponding technical countermeasures, which can reduce the atmosphere particulates pollution effectively, and furthermore, provide theoretical and practical references for the improvement of urban ecological environment and the construction of livable city.