强氢键基低感高能炸药的形貌修饰及其性能研究

强氢键基低感高能单质炸药因其分子中的强氢键作用和分子刚性结构，合成和结晶所得到的炸药颗粒一般为小尺寸的不规则多缺陷晶体，显著影响其安全性和应用范围。因此，改善此类炸药的晶体形貌是该类炸药应用研究领域中一个非常重要和非常迫切需要解决的难题。但目前国内外有关强氢键基低感高能单质炸药的形貌研究鲜有报道。本项目拟采用形貌修饰技术，以LLM-105和FOX-7为研究对象，研究晶形修饰剂对强氢键基炸药结晶行为的作用机制，探索球形、柱状等性能更好的不同形状晶体制备方法，分析其晶体特性与性能的关系。在此基础上，进一步探索LLM-105和FOX-7大单晶的生长技术，研究多阶弹性常数、摩擦系数等晶体力学特征参数，深入了解该类炸药的力学、起爆性能等最本质问题。该项目的研究将显著改善强氢键基低感高能单质炸药的应用效果和扩大其应用范围，对于该类炸药本质安全性预估有着重要意义。

Due to significant intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and rigid structures, the as-obtained particles of low-insensitive high-energy explosives with strong hydrogen bonds easily exhibit small size and irregular defect crystals in the process of synthesis and crystallization, and remarkably influence their safety and application. Therefore, developing a reliable and facile strategy to improve the morphology of these explosives is an urgent topic to be solved. Up to now, there are only a few reports on the preparation of different morphology of explosive crystals with strong hydrogen bonds. In this work, we will choose LLM-105 and FOX-7 as targets, and systemically investigate the formation mechanism of strong hydrogen bonded explosives with the assistance of additives. In addition, we will explore a serious of preparation methods of crystals with different shapes, such as sphere-like and column-like, and establish the relationship between crystal characteristics and performance. Besides, we will develop the growing technique of single crystals with large size, and characterize the properties of mechanics and detonation. This project will provide useful information for the application and safety evolution of low-insensitive high-energy explosives with strong hydrogen bonds.