基于多波长角散射激光雷达测量Stokes参数的气溶胶微物理特性反演研究与实验观测

大气气溶胶的微物理特性是理解各种气候变化的重要因素，目前对气溶胶微物理特性的定量反演存在很大的不确定性，从而极大地限制了我们准确掌握各种气候变化的时空演化过程和形成机制。研究发现气溶胶粒子的角散射光包含了与粒子尺度、形状、种类等微物理特性相关的丰富的偏振信息。因此，探测气溶胶角散射光的Stokes参数，将会为气溶胶微物理特性的反演提供更多更敏感的光学信息。本项目将以多波长拉曼激光雷达为基础，增加一个角散射光Stokes参数的探测通道，构建多波长角散射激光雷达实验平台，开展Stokes向量反演气溶胶角散射矩阵；“3β+2α+4γ”的多参数气溶胶微物理特性反演算法；非球形沙尘气溶胶微物理特性反演方法；气溶胶质量浓度垂直分布及吸湿性校正方法等方面的研究。该项目的实施将为阐明气溶胶微物理特性对气候变化的影响机制提供新的解决方案和理论依据。

The microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosols are important factors in understanding climate change. At present, there is great uncertainty in inversing aerosol microphysical properties quantitatively. It's extremely limited for us to maser the time and space evolution progress and formation mechanisms of the climate change. It is found that the angular scattering light of aerosol particles contains rich polarization information related to the microphysical properties of particle size, shape and components. Therefore, the more sensitive optical information for the inversion of aerosol microphysical properties will be provided by measuring the angular scattering Stokes parameters. In this project, a multi-wavelength angular scattering lidar experiment system will be constructed combining a multi-wavelength Raman lidar with a detection channel of Stokes parameter. The angular scattering matrix will be inversed using Stokes parameter, the multi-parameter inversion algorithm for aerosol microphysics based on “3β+2α+4γ” data sets, the non-spherical aerosol microphysical properties inversion method and the aerosol mass concentration vertical distribution and moisture correction method will be studied in this project. A new solution and theoretical foundation for illustrating the influence mechanism of aerosol microphysical properties on climate change will be provided if this project is implemented.