速溶橡胶粉改性沥青的胶核微观尺寸的宏观效应

为解决传统橡胶沥青降解溶胀时间长、溶胀程度不均匀、易离析，以及其生产能耗大、污染严重等不足,本课题提出“速溶”橡胶改性沥青的概念，其具有溶胀反应快、不易离析等特点，在工程中具有广泛的应用前景。本课题拟采用机械力化学双螺杆挤出法，将传统橡胶沥青脱硫过程从沥青中的降解反应转移到橡胶粉的加工过程中，生产出脱硫程度高的速溶橡胶粉。本课题采用荧光显微技术、扫描电子显微镜、凝胶渗透色谱仪等技术获得胶核尺寸、胶核分布密度、脱硫前后微观形貌变化、界面结合状况、相对分子质量、交联密度等微观表征指标，揭示速溶橡胶粉在沥青中的速溶机理，同时测定三大指标、粘弹性、抗车辙因子、高低温性能等宏观性能指标，研究建立胶核的微观尺寸与路用性能之间的关系模型。本课题的研究成果将为速溶橡胶改性沥青的应用与推广提供科学依据和理论指导。

To solve the weaknesses of the traditional rubber asphalt such as long time of swelling, rubber powder with uneven degradation degree, segregation of the rubber modified asphalt, as well as large energy consumption and serious pollution during the production process, this project put forward the concept of "instant rubber modified asphalt" with the characteristics of faster swelling and less segregation whose application is full of promise. In this project, twin-screw extruder was adopted using the mechanochemical method and the devulcanization and degradation of traditional asphalt rubber is transferred from asphalt to the process of rubber powder, which can produce instant rubber powder with high devulcanization degree . Fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, gel permeation chromatography technology are applied to obtain microstructure characterization indexes such as rubber core size, distribution density, difference of morphology before and after the devulcanization, and interfacial bonding conditions, relative molecular mass, crosslink density, to reveal the mechanism of instant rubber powder in asphalt. Meanwhile the three major indicators, viscoelasticity, anti-rutting factor, hot-storage stability, low temperature crack resistance and other macroeconomic performance test will be conducted to study and establish the relationship model between microstructure and pavement performance, and to determine the preparation process of rubber modified asphalt considering both instant solubility and road performance. The results of the research will provide scientific evidence and theoretical guidance on application and popularization for instant rubber modified asphalt.