附生植物种间相互作用及其生理生化基础——基于哀牢山山地湿性常绿阔叶林

生物与生物相互作用是理解种群动态、群落构建、生物多样性形成与维持机制的核心，也是预测生态系统如何响应环境变化的关键。山地森林中附生植物多样性极高且及其脆弱，但我们对附生植物群落的物种共存、群落构建与生物多样性维持机制知之甚少。本项目基于林冠环境的胁迫性高和附生植物普遍具有的克隆性的事实，研究哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林中附生植物种间相互作用及其生理生化基础，利用林冠塔吊系统开展原位处理实验：物种剔除与添加、同位素原位标记，以及室内化感物质影响实验，结合模型模拟共存的可能性与动态变化，明确附生植物群落中非维管植物与维管植物、维管植物之间如何相互作用而实现共存，并从克隆植物资源富集作用与植物的化感作用来阐明这种相互作用的物质基础，探讨山地森林林冠附生植物物种共存、群落构建、生物多样性形成与维持机制，为在全球变化背景下为山地森林资源的保护与管理提供科学依据。

The biotic interactions are essential for a predictive understanding of population dynamics, community assembly, biodiversity formation and maintaining, and predicting how ecosystem responses to environmental changes. Epiphytes are one of the most diverse and vulnerable components of montane forest ecosystem, but we know little about the rules of interspecific interaction, species coexistence, and the process of biodiversity maintaining of epiphytes in forest canopies. According to the facts of more stressful conditions in canopies than understories and pervasive clonal growth of epiphytes, in this project, both field and laboratory experiments will be conducted to clarify how species coexist with the interactions between non-vascular and vascular epiphytes, and among species of vascular clonal epiphytes in montane moist forests in Ailao Mountains. Then we try to discover the physiological and biochemical bases of these interactions related with resource integration of clonal epiphytes and allelopathic effects of epiphytic ferns. By using the canopy crane system, the field experiments with in situ treatments are species removal and addition experiment, and isotope labeling experiment, while the laboratory experiment is about the effects of allelochemicals. Simple models will be used to test coexistence possibilities and dynamics. The information generated from this project will provide scientific basis for understanding species coexistence, community assembly, biodiversity formation and maintaining of epiphytes, as well as protection and management of biodiversity and biological resources in a changing world.