地震破裂断层非平面几何模型的逼真构建和大地测量约束的优化反演

地震破裂断层几何形态和滑动特征是了解和认识地震以及地壳形变机制的关键参数。研究地震破裂断层的非平面几何对了解断层的真实形态特征，改进区域构造模型，完善地震灾害危险性评估机制等具有重要意义。本项目拟提出使用函数模型参数化非平面断层几何的方法，逼真构建断层模型，解决目前地震断层几何和滑动分布反演问题中断层面构建不真实的问题；建立大地测量数据驱动的断层非平面几何和滑动同步反演模型，解决目前大多数研究中未将断层非平面几何考虑在内，断层几何和滑动未同步反演，造成断层参数结果不准确的问题；确定影响断层几何和滑动反演的主要因素，解决断层几何和滑动反演问题中主要影响因素不明的问题。该研究结果将有助于理解地震破裂细节、不同类型地震的发震特征、破裂特性等一般性规律；能够为依赖于断层滑动结果的同震应力变化计算、震后形变机制分析等研究提供可靠的保障。同时，这是对大地测量震源参数反演理论的进一步完善和发展。

Fault geometry and slip distribution of earthquake rupture are the key parameters for understanding the mechanism of earthquake and crustal deformation. It is of great significance to study the non-planar geometry of the earthquake rupture fault for understanding the true fault geometry, improving the regional tectonic model, and improving the risk assessment mechanism for earthquake disaster. For solving the problem that the fault planes constructed in most current studies are not real, this project intends to propose a method of parameterizing non-planar geometry with function model to construct a realistic fault model; for solving the problem that the fault parameters may be biased due to the neglecting of possible non-planar geometry of fault plane and asynchronous inversion of fault geometry and slip distribution, this project intends to establish a geodetic data-driven model for synchronous inversion of non-planar fault geometry and slip distribution; for solving the problem that the main influence factors are unknown in fault geometry and slip inversion, this project intends to determine the main factors that affect the inversion problem.This research will be helpful to understand the details of earthquake rupture, the seismogenic characteristics of different types of earthquakes and the general laws of rupture characteristics. It can provide a reliable guarantee for the calculation of coseismic stress change and the analysis of post-earthquake deformation mechanism depending on fault slip. At the same time, this is the further improvement and development of the theory of geodetic source parameter inversion.