生物电化学系统中混菌生物膜的形成过程与快速高效成膜方法研究

生物电化学系统能够同步处理废水和回收电能、产氢或进行脱盐。如何能够快速形成高效、稳定的具有直接胞外电子传递能力的生物膜是该系统成功启动和稳定运行的关键。然而，关于混菌电活性生物膜的形成过程和形成机制亟待深入研究。本研究拟从发酵菌-产电菌的二元培养入手，结合微生物活性、微生物-电极界面特性、高通量测序、生物膜组成和关键功能基因定量分析，确定成膜过程中发酵菌与产电菌的相互作用机制，构建混菌电化学活性生物膜的研究方法。以生活污水为接种菌源，探索电极材料表面特性、典型信号类物质和交变电场对混菌电活性生物膜形成过程的影响机制，获取快速、高效电化学活性菌群驯化方法，并将其初步应用于厌氧废水处理系统。上述研究将丰富我们对电化学活性微生物在混菌生物膜形成过程中作用的认知，为基于直接电子传递的生物电化学系统和厌氧废水处理系统的快速启动和稳定运行提供理论和技术支持。

Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) can treat wastewater with simultaneous electricity recovery, hydrogen production or desalination. In order to startup this system successfully and operate it stably, the fast acclimation of high performance and stable biofilm that able to transfer electron extracellularly is vital. However, intensive research on the formation of electrochemically active biofilm (EAB), especially the biofilm of mixed bacteria, is urgently needed. Here we intend to investigate the reciprocal mechanism of fermentative bacteria and exoelectrogenesis based on bacterial activity, bacteria-electrode interface analysis, high-throughput sequencing, content analysis of biofilm and quantification of key functional genes. Based on the method constructed above, we plan to investigate the influencing mechanisms of surface characteristics of electrode material, typical quorum-sensing signals and alternate current on the formation of EAB. These results will be preliminarily used in anaerobic wastewater treatment systems. These research can extend our knowledge on the formation process of EAB in mixed culture, providing theoretical and technical support for the fast startup and stable operation of BES and anerobic wastewater treatment systems based on direct bacterial electron transfer.