大麦黄花叶病持久抗性位点rym2H-a的精细定位、克隆及遗传演化研究

黄花叶病是威胁冬播麦类作物的一类主要病毒病害，大麦黄花叶病在我国长江中下游流域及东部沿海等大麦传统种植区域持续流行。针对育种利用的大麦黄花叶病抗性资源狭窄、多数抗性资源在我国流行病区已失效的现状，本研究拟采用遗传学与基因组学研究手段，利用大麦种质资源自然变异群体和抗感双亲遗传群体，精细定位与分离一个持久抗性位点rym2H-a，通过筛选与考察候选基因突变体验证基因功能。在全球来源的大麦种质资源中，分析抗性新基因的单倍型变异及进化网络，揭示其地理起源、现有分布、及遗传演化特征；并分析该基因与其它已知抗性基因的聚合情况与抗性水平，为在我国抗性育种中拓宽供体选择范围、创制具有广谱持久抗性的种质资源提供理论依据。

The yellow mosaic virus diseases are serious threat to winter-sowing cereal crops worldwide. Barley yellow mosaic virus/ Barley mild mosaic virus induced disease keeps prevalent among the Yangtze River valley and East Coast area of China. Regarding the limited resources of resistance donor and the overcome of some currently employed resistant genes in China, this project proposes to clone a novel resistance locus rym2H-a by combining of natural variation study and fine-mapping in bi-parental population. The candidate genes, which predicted by fine-mapping and comparative sequencing within resistant/susceptible accessions, will be validated through resistance investigation of the EMS-induced mutants correspondingly. Furthermore, haplotype analysis will be carried out among worldwide collected germplasms for the novel resistance gene, in order to unravel its origin and evolution. The combined pattern and effect of the novel gene rym2H-a with other resistant genes will be analyzed within the natural variation panel. With this project, it intends to extend the resources of resistance donor in breeding practice, and guide genes pyramiding for generating broad-spectrum and durable resistant germplasms.