基于梁单元和壳单元的一体化设计自由形式结构的形态创构方法

海南国际旅游岛和自由贸易港建设势必需要较多的标志性建筑景观，自由形式建筑与其自然风景相协调，可满足这种需求。表达建筑的几何元素线段和面片，与有限元中梁单元和壳单元的几何形式一致，项目利用该特点将梁壳单元混合使用，创构自由形式结构。与传统设计方式中分开构思建筑屋盖和支承结构形态不同，项目试图创构一体化设计的结构，使屋盖结构与支承结构形成有机整体，以此为突破点获得一种新的建筑结构方案设计方法，为创构新型空间结构提供新途径。项目从工程设计需求出发，解决基于梁单元和壳单元的一体化设计自由形式结构的合理几何形体确定问题，降低自由形式建筑结构方案的设计成本。同时进行应用创新，开展兼顾水平抗力体系的创构技术研究，并引入人工决策功能，提高项目方法的实用性。在此基础上，采用数值分析技术进一步研究该方法得到的结构的静力和动力特性，为进一步确定该类自由形式结构的可靠性指标奠定基础。

The construction of Hainan International Tourism Island and Free Trade Port is bound to require more landmark buildings. Free-form buildings are coordinated with its natural scenery, so they can meet this demand. The mainly geometric elements in the architecture expression are lines and faces, which are consistent with the geometric form of the beam elements and shell elements in the finite element method. The project uses this feature to mix the beam and shell elements and create free-form structures. Different from the traditional design method in which the roof structure and support structure are conceived separately, the project attempts to create an integrated design structure, so that the roof structure and the support structure form an organic whole. And this is a breakthrough to obtain a new design method of the structure scheme and a new way to create a new spatial structure. Starting from the engineering design requirements, the project solves the problem of determining the reasonable geometry of the integrated design free-form structure based on the beam element and the shell element in order to reduce the design cost of the free-form building structure. At the same time, the application innovation is carried out about the morphogenesis technology that takes into account the horizontal resistance system, and the artificial decision function is introduced to improve the practicability of the method in this project. On this basis, the numerical analysis technique is used to further study the static and dynamic characteristics of the structure obtained by the method, which will lay a foundation for further determining the reliability index of the free-form structure.